SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Vaccine Development: A Focused Review.

Infectious disorders drug targets Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI:10.2174/0118715265359309251016105433

Alok Bharadwaj, Geetanjali Hiremath, Yogyta Thakur, Krishan Kumar, Nitin Wahi

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Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global health, society, and economies, prompting unprecedented investments in biomedical research and vaccine de-velopment. Leveraging knowledge from previous coronavirus outbreaks, scientists rapidly developed vaccine candidates aiming to elicit strong antibody responses and target alterna-tive receptor-binding motifs. Remarkably, the effectiveness of these vaccines exceeded in-itial expectations, playing a pivotal role in controlling the pandemic. This review explores the latest technological advancements in vaccine development, including mRNA plat-forms, viral vectors, and protein subunit approaches, and highlights the critical importance of the vaccine development process. We analyze challenges encountered during the pan-demic, such as disease prevention, variation in prophylaxis, and rapid clinical evaluation. Insights gleaned from the literature on vaccine research, development, and drug testing provide a foundation for improved strategies in addressing future pandemics and shaping our responses to upcoming public health emergencies.

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SARS-CoV-2变体和疫苗开发：重点综述

2019冠状病毒病大流行对全球卫生、社会和经济产生了深刻影响，促使人们对生物医学研究和疫苗开发进行了前所未有的投资。利用以往冠状病毒爆发的知识，科学家们迅速开发出候选疫苗，旨在引发强烈的抗体反应，并针对替代受体结合基序。值得注意的是，这些疫苗的有效性超出了最初的预期，在控制大流行方面发挥了关键作用。本文综述了疫苗开发的最新技术进展，包括mRNA平台、病毒载体和蛋白质亚基方法，并强调了疫苗开发过程的关键重要性。我们分析了大流行期间遇到的挑战，如疾病预防、预防方法的变化和快速临床评估。从疫苗研究、开发和药物测试方面的文献中收集到的见解，为改进应对未来大流行病和制定应对即将到来的突发公共卫生事件的战略奠定了基础。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Infectious disorders drug targets

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