Laser Cavity-Temperature and 3D Nonlinear Thermal Model of VCSEL From 2.6 to 130 K

IF 1.9 3区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI:10.1109/JQE.2025.3612272

Haonan Wu;Wenning Fu;Yulin He;Zetai Liu;Milton Feng

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) operating from 2.6 to 295 K are investigated to establish reliable thermal design guidelines for cryogenic photonic interconnects. Lasing-wavelength shifts due to self-heating are converted to an effective cavity temperature through calibrated spectral thermometry. The 3D finite-element VCSEL model of semiconductor and oxide nanoscale layers is developed to solve the nonlinear heat-conduction equation with thermal conductivities dependent on temperature, material composition, and doping. The combined 3D modeling-and-measurement framework provides a predictive tool for engineering next-generation cryogenic VCSELs with reduced self-heating and improved reliability in high-speed superconducting computing links.

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2.6 ~ 130 K VCSEL激光腔温及三维非线性热模型

为了建立可靠的低温光子互连热设计准则，研究了工作在2.6 ~ 295 K范围内的氧化受限垂直腔表面发射激光器（VCSELs）。激光波长漂移由于自加热被转换为有效的腔温度通过校准光谱测温。建立了半导体和氧化物纳米层的三维有限元VCSEL模型，求解了导热系数与温度、材料成分和掺杂有关的非线性热传导方程。结合3D建模和测量框架，为设计下一代低温vcsel提供了预测工具，可以减少自热，提高高速超导计算链路的可靠性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

4.00%

发文量

审稿时长

3.0 months

期刊介绍： The IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics is dedicated to the publication of manuscripts reporting novel experimental or theoretical results in the broad field of the science and technology of quantum electronics. The Journal comprises original contributions, both regular papers and letters, describing significant advances in the understanding of quantum electronics phenomena or the demonstration of new devices, systems, or applications. Manuscripts reporting new developments in systems and applications must emphasize quantum electronics principles or devices. The scope of JQE encompasses the generation, propagation, detection, and application of coherent electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths below one millimeter (i.e., in the submillimeter, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, etc., regions). Whether the focus of a manuscript is a quantum-electronic device or phenomenon, the critical factor in the editorial review of a manuscript is the potential impact of the results presented on continuing research in the field or on advancing the technological base of quantum electronics.