{"title":"Precision Neuromodulation for Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Decline: a Transcranial Electrical Stimulation Approach.","authors":"Roghayeh Mohammadi, Ahmad Alipour","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acaf100","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 3 Diabetes (T3DM), marked by brain insulin resistance, is increasingly linked to neurocognitive decline and Alzheimer's pathogenesis, necessitating novel non-pharmacological interventions. This study investigated anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the left DLPFC (F3 region) to improve cognitive deficits in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized a randomized, double-blind, two-group clinical trial design. Diabetic patients aged 60-80 years in Tehran and Bonab experiencing brain fog and cognitive decline constituted the target population. Recruitment and execution occurred from autumn 2024 to spring 2025. A purposive sampling method selected 23 matched participants per group, adhering to strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. Participants were then randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. The experimental group received 30 tDCS sessions. Cognitive status and memory were assessed using the mini-mental state examination as the primary outcome and the prospective and retrospective memory questionnaire as a supplementary measure. Repeated Measures ANOVA analyzed the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that tDCS administered to the DLPFC in the experimental cohort significantly enhanced overall cognitive function and reduced subjective memory complaints (p < .01). Additionally, a statistically significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin was observed across nearly all participants in the experimental group (p < .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicate that tDCS presents a promising, non-invasive therapeutic approach. It demonstrates potential for enhancing cognitive function in patients with DACD and for facilitating improved long-term glycemic control. This highlights the role of brain neuromodulation as a component in the management of diabetes-related complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":520564,"journal":{"name":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaf100","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Type 3 Diabetes (T3DM), marked by brain insulin resistance, is increasingly linked to neurocognitive decline and Alzheimer's pathogenesis, necessitating novel non-pharmacological interventions. This study investigated anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the left DLPFC (F3 region) to improve cognitive deficits in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD).
Methods: This study utilized a randomized, double-blind, two-group clinical trial design. Diabetic patients aged 60-80 years in Tehran and Bonab experiencing brain fog and cognitive decline constituted the target population. Recruitment and execution occurred from autumn 2024 to spring 2025. A purposive sampling method selected 23 matched participants per group, adhering to strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. Participants were then randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. The experimental group received 30 tDCS sessions. Cognitive status and memory were assessed using the mini-mental state examination as the primary outcome and the prospective and retrospective memory questionnaire as a supplementary measure. Repeated Measures ANOVA analyzed the data.
Results: The results indicated that tDCS administered to the DLPFC in the experimental cohort significantly enhanced overall cognitive function and reduced subjective memory complaints (p < .01). Additionally, a statistically significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin was observed across nearly all participants in the experimental group (p < .01).
Conclusion: These findings indicate that tDCS presents a promising, non-invasive therapeutic approach. It demonstrates potential for enhancing cognitive function in patients with DACD and for facilitating improved long-term glycemic control. This highlights the role of brain neuromodulation as a component in the management of diabetes-related complications.
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