Effects of Citrus aurantium extracts and limonene on Dipylidium caninum tegument: In vitro and in vivo study

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Veterinary parasitology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI:10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110635

Aliaa A. Abd-Elaziz , Eman M. Abouelhassan , Elham A. Elkhawass , Obeid Shanab , Waleed F. Khalil , Abdelfattah M. Abdelfattah

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Dipylidiosis is a common zoonotic infection of dogs caused by Dipylidium caninum. Infected dogs were treated using ethanolic extracts of the peel and seed of Citrus aurantium, as well as its main active compound (limonene). In vitro, peel and seed extracts (12.5, 25, 50 mg/ml) as well as limonene (30, 60, 120 µl/ml) induced worm immobility. Complete mortality of worms (100 %) was achieved 100 % mortality after 4 h for peel extracts and limonene and 6 h for seed extracts. Histological analysis and scanning electron microscopy showed significant structural damage in treated worms, including peeling, vesiculation, ulceration, fissures, and tegumental distortion. In vivo, dogs treated with peel extract at 150 and 300 mg/kg achieved high efficacy rates of 72.33 % and 92 %, respectively, and reached 100 % efficacy, comparable to that of praziquantel, by the end of the experiment. The extract's effectiveness was dose- and time-dependent. In conclusion, these findings suggest that C. aurantium peel extract provides a safe, sustainable, and effective natural alternative to synthetic drugs for treating D. caninum infections in dogs.

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柑桔提取物和柠檬烯对犬双星被毛的影响：体外和体内研究

双螺旋病是犬双螺旋虫引起的一种常见的犬人畜共患传染病。受感染的狗使用柑橘皮和种子的乙醇提取物及其主要活性化合物（柠檬烯）进行治疗。在体外，果皮和种子提取物（12.5、25、50 mg/ml）以及柠檬烯（30、60、120 µl/ml）诱导蠕虫不动。果皮提取物和柠檬烯处理4 h，种子提取物处理6 h后，虫的完全死亡率达到100 %（100% %）。组织学分析和扫描电镜显示，处理过的蠕虫有明显的结构损伤，包括脱皮、水泡、溃疡、裂缝和被盖变形。在体内，150和300 mg/kg的果皮提取物对狗的有效率分别为72.33 %和92 %，实验结束时达到100% %，与吡喹酮相当。提取物的有效性与剂量和时间有关。综上所述，金葡萄皮提取物是一种安全、可持续、有效的天然药物，可替代合成药物治疗犬D. caninum感染。

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来源期刊

Veterinary parasitology 农林科学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

7.70%

发文量

126

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： The journal Veterinary Parasitology has an open access mirror journal,Veterinary Parasitology: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. This journal is concerned with those aspects of helminthology, protozoology and entomology which are of interest to animal health investigators, veterinary practitioners and others with a special interest in parasitology. Papers of the highest quality dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, pathology, treatment, epidemiology, and control of parasites in all domesticated animals, fall within the scope of the journal. Papers of geographically limited (local) interest which are not of interest to an international audience will not be accepted. Authors who submit papers based on local data will need to indicate why their paper is relevant to a broader readership. Parasitological studies on laboratory animals fall within the scope of the journal only if they provide a reasonably close model of a disease of domestic animals. Additionally the journal will consider papers relating to wildlife species where they may act as disease reservoirs to domestic animals, or as a zoonotic reservoir. Case studies considered to be unique or of specific interest to the journal, will also be considered on occasions at the Editors'' discretion. Papers dealing exclusively with the taxonomy of parasites do not fall within the scope of the journal.