Green and Environmentally Friendly Photopolymerization Technology to Solid/Quasi-Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Rechargeable Batteries: Recent Progress and Prospects.

Abstract

Solid-state batteries have attracted much attention due to their advantages of high safety and energy density, and are regarded as a candidate for energy storage. Among the solid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have good interface contact and excellent processability, which is expected to enable the large-scale application of solid-state batteries. Photopolymerization technology provides a new route for the preparation of SPEs with its advantages of fast, controllable, and low energy consumption. In this paper, the research progress of photopolymerization technology in SPEs is systematically reviewed, and its preparation methods, structural design, optimization strategies, and applications in energy storage equipment, such as lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, and zinc ion batteries are discussed. By optimizing the selection of light source, monomer design, the introduction of photoinitiator and filler, the ionic conductivity, mechanical strength, and interface stability of photopolymerized SPEs were significantly improved. Furthermore, the in situ polymerization strategy effectively reduces the interface impedance and promotes large-scale production. However, photopolymerized SPEs still face challenges such as unclear ion transport mechanisms and insufficient long-term cyclic stability. Future research needs to explore the relationship between material structure and performance, develop new functional monomers, and optimize the preparation process to promote its practical application.