Mass Spectroscopy of Multi-Heavy Pentaquarks using the Extended Gursey–Radicati Formalism.

Abstract

The study of exotic multi-quark states has garnered significant attention recently, particularly in heavy-quark dynamics within quantum chromodynamics. We perform a comprehensive spectroscopic analysis of multi-heavy pentaquark states with four and five heavy quarks having configurations \(QQQQ{\bar{q}}\), and \(QQQQ{\bar{Q}}\), considering spin-parity assignments \(J^P = 1/2^-\), \(3/2^-\), and \(5/2^-\). Using an extended Gursey-Radicati formalism, by incorporating spin-dependent interactions, we calculated their mass spectra for possible quantum numbers. The modification incorporates effective mass contributions and hyperfine interactions to improve the predictive power of these hadronic states. The calculated mass spectra are compared with existing theoretical predictions, which exhibit a strong dependence on the interplay between spin interactions and color configurations, shedding light on the binding mechanism within these multi-heavy multiquark systems. To gain further insight into their stability and decay properties, we investigated their potential production modes from B-hadron decays. Our analysis identifies dominant strong decay channels, providing critical theoretical benchmarks for distinguishing these states in future LHCb or EIC experiments. This study offers new insights into the role of heavy-quark dynamics in exotic hadron spectroscopy, serving as a stringent test for effective QCD-based models and lattice QCD predictions.