{"title":"Advancements in Carbon Nanotube-based Drug Delivery Systems: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions.","authors":"Faruk Alam, Prasurjya Saikia, Durgaprasad Kemisetti, Surabhi Mandal, Amrit Kumar Rath, Alindam Ghosh, Avik Dutta, Romit Bhattacharjee, Sanket Seksaria","doi":"10.2174/0122117385379427250926093710","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as extremely promising nanocarriers for drug delivery due to their superior structural, mechanical, and electrical capabilities. This study digs into recent advances in CNT-based drug delivery systems, focusing on novel functionalization strategies, hybrid nanostructures, and customized nanocarrier designs. Functionalization using polymers, peptides, and other bioactive compounds has dramatically improved CNT solubility, biocompatibility, and precise targeting. Furthermore, hybrid nanostructures that combine CNTs with nanoparticles, liposomes, or metallic components have higher drug-loading capacities, multifunctional therapeutic effectiveness, and controlled drug-release features. CNTs may be customized in size, shape, and surface chemistry, allowing for the development of precise delivery systems that are particularly useful in cancer and complicated disease therapy. However, despite these advances, cytotoxicity, regulatory limits, and difficulty with large-scale manufacturing impede clinical translation. Sustainable methods, thorough safety assessments, and advanced technology like artificial intelligence to maximize functionality and design are all necessary to overcome these obstacles. Future research should focus on overcoming these hurdles to fully realize CNTs' potential as flexible, effective, and safe nanocarriers in drug delivery applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385379427250926093710","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as extremely promising nanocarriers for drug delivery due to their superior structural, mechanical, and electrical capabilities. This study digs into recent advances in CNT-based drug delivery systems, focusing on novel functionalization strategies, hybrid nanostructures, and customized nanocarrier designs. Functionalization using polymers, peptides, and other bioactive compounds has dramatically improved CNT solubility, biocompatibility, and precise targeting. Furthermore, hybrid nanostructures that combine CNTs with nanoparticles, liposomes, or metallic components have higher drug-loading capacities, multifunctional therapeutic effectiveness, and controlled drug-release features. CNTs may be customized in size, shape, and surface chemistry, allowing for the development of precise delivery systems that are particularly useful in cancer and complicated disease therapy. However, despite these advances, cytotoxicity, regulatory limits, and difficulty with large-scale manufacturing impede clinical translation. Sustainable methods, thorough safety assessments, and advanced technology like artificial intelligence to maximize functionality and design are all necessary to overcome these obstacles. Future research should focus on overcoming these hurdles to fully realize CNTs' potential as flexible, effective, and safe nanocarriers in drug delivery applications.
期刊介绍：
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology publishes original manuscripts, full-length/mini reviews, thematic issues, rapid technical notes and commentaries that provide insights into the synthesis, characterisation and pharmaceutical (or diagnostic) application of materials at the nanoscale. The nanoscale is defined as a size range of below 1 µm. Scientific findings related to micro and macro systems with functionality residing within features defined at the nanoscale are also within the scope of the journal. Manuscripts detailing the synthesis, exhaustive characterisation, biological evaluation, clinical testing and/ or toxicological assessment of nanomaterials are of particular interest to the journal’s readership. Articles should be self contained, centred around a well founded hypothesis and should aim to showcase the pharmaceutical/ diagnostic implications of the nanotechnology approach. Manuscripts should aim, wherever possible, to demonstrate the in vivo impact of any nanotechnological intervention. As reducing a material to the nanoscale is capable of fundamentally altering the material’s properties, the journal’s readership is particularly interested in new characterisation techniques and the advanced properties that originate from this size reduction. Both bottom up and top down approaches to the realisation of nanomaterials lie within the scope of the journal.
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