[Factors associated with acute kidney injury in hospitalized elderly: an integrative review].

Abstract

The scope of this study was to identify factors associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized elderly people. An integrative review was carried out in the PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus databases, with no time or language restrictions, using the search key "Aged" or "Aged, 80 and over" and "Acute Kidney Injury" and "Hospitalization". A total of 20 articles were selected to make up the final sample, after applying the eligibility criteria. Cohort (n=18) and case-control (n=2) studies with level of evidence IV were predominant. Factors associated with acute kidney injury in hospitalized elderly people included male gender, age group between 70 and 80 years, systemic arterial hypertension, cardiovascular disease/heart failure, estimated blood loss/major bleeding, peri-procedural blood transfusion, estimated glomerular filtration rate < 70 and low perioperative serum albumin. The conclusion drawn was that acute kidney injury in hospitalized elderly people is a multifactorial syndrome associated with sociodemographic, clinical, surgical and laboratory factors, requiring personalized and preventive strategies to mitigate the risks associated with its occurrence. This is essential to promote a holistic and effective approach to caring for these vulnerable individuals.