Topical curcumin in the treatment of denture stomatitis: a systematic review of clinical efficacy.

Abstract

Introduction: Conventional treatment for Denture Stomatitis (DS) uses antifungals, but microbial resistance and adverse effects from prolonged use have led to the search for alternatives. In this context, Curcumin shows promise due to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. This to systematically review evaluates the efficacy of topical curcumin in different drug delivery systems for treating DS, compared to other therapies.

Methods: Two independent reviewers conducted a literature search between August 2024 and March 2025 across seven databases: PubMed, BVS/Medline, EMBASE, SciELO, CAPES Journals, Google Scholar, and BDTD. Clinical trials with no language or publication date restrictions were included. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2, and evidence quality was evaluated via the GRADE system.

Results: The search identified 20,675 articles. After applying eligibility criteria, five randomized clinical trials involving 207 participants were included. Drug delivery systems used were mouthwash, ointment, and photodynamic therapy with curcumin solution. All studies reported a reduction in C. albicans colony count. However, the quality of evidence (GRADE) is moderate, with inconsistencies and risk of bias affecting outcomes.

Conclusion: Topical use of curcumin can reduce the number of Candida albicans CFU/clinical signs in patients with denture stomatitis, but the quality of the evidence is moderate.

Protocol registration: : CRD42024549944.