Global assessment of landscape pattern changes from 1992 to 2020.

IF 4.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape Ecology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-16 DOI:10.1007/s10980-025-02210-0

Tamsin L Woodman, Peter Alexander, David F R P Burslem, Justin M J Travis, Karina Winkler, Felix Eigenbrod

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Context: Changes in landscape patterns, which refer to the composition and spatial configuration of land use and land cover (LULC) classes in a landscape, can have negative impacts on biodiversity and environmental processes such as carbon cycles. Such impacts are both dependent on the spatial extent of changes and which LULC classes are affected, but previous global-scale landscape pattern assessments have focused on single LULC classes or landscape-level measurements only. A comprehensive, multiscale analysis across multiple LULC types is therefore key for understanding the full impact of landscape pattern change on the environment.

Objectives: We assessed global-scale change in landscape patterns for six LULC classes from the HILDA+ dataset (urban, cropland, pasture/rangeland, forest, unmanaged grass/shrubland, and sparse/no vegetation) between 1992 and 2020.

Methods: Six class-level landscape metrics with predictable scaling behaviour across landscape extents were calculated at global scale for each LULC class and year. Landscape metrics were quantified for five landscape extents (100, 400, 1600, 6400 and 25,600 km²). Trends in landscape metrics were evaluated and linked to changes in LULC composition (area) and configuration over time.

Results: Unmanaged grass/shrubland LULC expanded in area and showed increased number of patches, edge length, and complexity in shapes, while pasture/rangeland and forest LULC tended to decline in area, number of patches, and edge length. Even though there was high spatial heterogeneity in landscape pattern change for all LULC classes, neighbouring 100 km² landscapes often showed the same directional change in area and fragmentation.

Conclusions: Global landscape pattern change was highly variable for all LULC classes between 1992 and 2020, suggesting that drivers of LULC change act on local to regional scales. We expect that the multiscale global dataset of landscape metrics generated here will have future applications in understanding the drivers of landscape pattern change and its environmental impacts.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10980-025-02210-0.

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1992 - 2020年全球景观格局变化评价。

背景：景观格局的变化是指景观中土地利用和土地覆盖类别的组成和空间配置，可对生物多样性和碳循环等环境过程产生负面影响。这种影响既依赖于变化的空间范围，也依赖于受影响的LULC类别，但以往的全球尺度景观格局评估只关注单一的LULC类别或景观水平的测量。因此，跨多种类型的综合、多尺度分析对于理解景观格局变化对环境的全面影响至关重要。目的：我们评估了HILDA+数据集中6个LULC类别（城市、农田、牧场/牧场、森林、未管理的草地/灌木和稀疏/无植被）在1992年至2020年间景观格局的全球尺度变化。方法：在全球尺度上，对每个LULC类别和年份计算具有可预测尺度行为的6个类级景观指标。对5个景观区（100、400、1600、6400和25,600 km2）的景观指标进行了量化。对景观指标的趋势进行了评估，并将其与LULC组成（面积）和配置随时间的变化联系起来。结果：草地/灌丛草地LULC面积扩大，斑块数量、边缘长度和形状复杂性增加，草地/牧场和森林LULC面积、斑块数量和边缘长度呈下降趋势。尽管各类型土地利用空间格局变化具有高度的空间异质性，但相邻的100 km2景观在面积和破碎化程度上往往呈现相同的方向性变化。结论：1992 - 2020年，全球景观格局变化具有高度变异性，表明土地利用碳储量变化的驱动因素在局地到区域尺度上起作用。我们期望本文所生成的多尺度全球景观指标数据集在理解景观格局变化的驱动因素及其环境影响方面具有未来的应用价值。补充信息：在线版本包含补充资料，可在10.1007/s10980-025-02210-0获取。

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来源期刊

Landscape Ecology 环境科学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

8.30

自引率

7.70%

发文量

164

审稿时长

8-16 weeks

期刊介绍： Landscape Ecology is the flagship journal of a well-established and rapidly developing interdisciplinary science that focuses explicitly on the ecological understanding of spatial heterogeneity. Landscape Ecology draws together expertise from both biophysical and socioeconomic sciences to explore basic and applied research questions concerning the ecology, conservation, management, design/planning, and sustainability of landscapes as coupled human-environment systems. Landscape ecology studies are characterized by spatially explicit methods in which spatial attributes and arrangements of landscape elements are directly analyzed and related to ecological processes.