SWAST KHOJ: An IoT-driven real-time health monitoring system prototype

Abstract

This study focuses on developing a health monitoring system prototype using the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) to provide continuous and real-time tracking of vital signs. The advent of IoT-enabled healthcare equipment is drastically changing the landscape of healthcare infrastructure, facilitating seamless communication among diverse devices and platforms. In this context, the significance of smart health monitoring applications in IoT has led to the exploration of various IoT frameworks by researchers. In this work, we have deployed a Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) architecture in real-time healthcare prototype using discrete heterogeneous sensor nodes. The purpose of this prototype is to collect vital signs, which include temperature, heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and electrocardiogram (ECG). A Graphical User Interface (GUI) is used to display the gathered data in accordance with the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) medical criteria also risk level classification using k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm (kNN) based trained model. Periodically, our prototype, called SWAST KHOJ, uploads the data together with the timestamp to a local server. Additionally, we evaluate the prototype’s Quality of Service (QoS) parameter in an interior setting using a variety of short-range communication techniques, such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, and Local Area Network (LAN) or wired connection. Our evaluation reveals end-to-end delays of 0.514 ms for wired communication, 0.62 ms for Wi-Fi, 0.417 ms for ZigBee, and 1.92 ms for Bluetooth. Notably, our method demonstrates lower end-to-end delays compared to previous studies. In addition, we test the prototype’s throughput with several connection protocols.