Three-layer negative curvature hollow core anti-resonant fiber with low-loss, low dispersion and high manufacturing tolerance in S + C + L band

Abstract

We present a low-loss three-layer negative curvature hollow core anti-resonant fiber (HC-ARF), which exhibits excellent broadband low-loss performance (≤0.135 dB/km) in the entire S + C + L band, with significantly lower chromatic dispersion and polarization mode dispersion. It is worth noting that the effective area of the guided fundamental mode is three times that of conventional single-mode fiber, which means that the designed HC-ARF has a lower nonlinear coefficient and higher power threshold. Furthermore, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the manufacturing tolerance of the designed HC-ARF. Specifically, we investigate the impact on confinement loss (CL) of bending resistance, fiber defects like manufacturing errors in geometric dimensions, embedding depth of the circular tubes, and misalignment between inner tube and other tubes. The obtained results show that the designed three-layer negative curvature HC-ARF has favorable bending resistance and process adaptability, also has a high tolerance for fiber defects that are currently unavoidable in practical fiber manufacturing process. The designed low-loss three-layer negative curvature HC-ARF shows great potential to further reduce the fiber transmission loss and is expected to be applied to various fields such as fiber-optic communications, fiber energy transmission, optical sensing, and nonlinear optics.