Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the United States: Current knowledge and regulatory context.

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180711

Sara O'Sullivan Bakshi, Zoe Dakin, Mathilda Monaghan, Maaike van Gerwen

{"title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the United States: Current knowledge and regulatory context.","authors":"Sara O'Sullivan Bakshi, Zoe Dakin, Mathilda Monaghan, Maaike van Gerwen","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180711","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of synthetic chemicals widely used in industrial and consumer products since the 1940s due to their resistance to heat, water, and oil. PFAS are known as \"forever chemicals\" for their environmental persistence and bioaccumulation and have been detected globally in water, soil, wildlife, and humans. Their widespread presence has raised significant health concerns, particularly surrounding their potential carcinogenicity. Legacy PFAS (e.g., PFOA and PFOS) have been linked to increased risk of kidney and testicular cancer while there are also indications of PFAS being linked to breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer. In response, regulatory efforts in the U.S. have accelerated, with the EPA and several states introducing limits, bans, and cleanup policies targeting PFAS. Ongoing research and policy development are essential to mitigate exposure risks, regulate replacement of chemicals, and address the long-term health and environmental consequences of PFAS contamination.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1003 ","pages":"180711"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Science of the Total Environment","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180711","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of synthetic chemicals widely used in industrial and consumer products since the 1940s due to their resistance to heat, water, and oil. PFAS are known as "forever chemicals" for their environmental persistence and bioaccumulation and have been detected globally in water, soil, wildlife, and humans. Their widespread presence has raised significant health concerns, particularly surrounding their potential carcinogenicity. Legacy PFAS (e.g., PFOA and PFOS) have been linked to increased risk of kidney and testicular cancer while there are also indications of PFAS being linked to breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer. In response, regulatory efforts in the U.S. have accelerated, with the EPA and several states introducing limits, bans, and cleanup policies targeting PFAS. Ongoing research and policy development are essential to mitigate exposure risks, regulate replacement of chemicals, and address the long-term health and environmental consequences of PFAS contamination.

查看原文本刊更多论文

美国的全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）：目前的知识和监管背景。

全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是自20世纪40年代以来广泛用于工业和消费品的一大类合成化学品，因为它们耐热、耐水和耐油。PFAS因其环境持久性和生物蓄积性而被称为“永远的化学物质”，在全球的水、土壤、野生动物和人类中都被检测到。它们的广泛存在引起了重大的健康问题，特别是它们的潜在致癌性。遗留的PFAS（例如，PFOA和PFOS）与肾癌和睾丸癌的风险增加有关，同时也有迹象表明PFAS与乳腺癌、卵巢癌和前列腺癌有关。作为回应，美国的监管工作加快了步伐，美国环保署和几个州出台了针对PFAS的限制、禁令和清理政策。目前正在进行的研究和制定政策对于减轻接触风险、管制化学品的替代以及处理全氟辛烷磺酸污染的长期健康和环境后果至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

17.60

自引率

10.20%

发文量

8726

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.