Smart Technologies, Sustainability, and Consumer Behavior: A Review and Research Agenda Using TCCM and PTM

Abstract

The integration of smart technologies into everyday life has raised significant questions about their role in fostering sustainability and shaping consumer behavior. This study presents a comprehensive systematic literature review to explore the intersection of smart technologies, sustainability, and consumerism, motivated by increasing academic fragmentation across these domains. We employ a systematic review of 192 articles that combines the Theory–Context–Characteristics–Methodology (TCCM) framework with Probabilistic Topic Modeling (PTM). This dual method enables a synthesis of theoretical, contextual, and empirical developments in the field. The findings reveal dominant themes, evolving research trends, and underexplored areas, particularly in consumer-centric adoption and sustainability-centric outcomes. This contributes to the literature by offering two conceptual frameworks that integrate insights across sectors and highlight behavioral and sectoral dynamics in technology adoption. The study identifies theoretical blind spots, practical implications across industries, and proposes an agenda for future research in the era of digital and sustainable transformation.