Synergistic Adsorption-Degradation of Diclofenac Sodium via Al-Zn Periodically Reverse Electrocoagulation (PREC): Mechanistic Optimization and Remediation Performance

IF 3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI:10.1007/s11270-025-08739-9

Yang Liu, Qibing Li, Wenkai Zhang, Jia Bao, Yongxiang Jiang, Xin Wang, Xiaomin Hu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Persistent pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) such as diclofenac (DCF) were inadequately removed by conventional wastewater treatments, posing global water contamination issues. This study addressed this issue by investigating efficient DCF removal using novel PREC with Al-Zn electrodes, optimized via conventional experiments and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Exceptional DCF removal (93.7%) was achieved under optimized conditions (initial DCF: 20 mg/L, current: 0.6 A, pH 7.0, stirring: 600 rpm), outperforming standard electrocoagulation. UV–Vis analysis revealed DCF removal via floc adsorption and ·OH radical degradation. Characterized as ZnAl₂O₄ with weak crystallinity, the flocs showed significant adsorption capacity and interacted with DCF functional groups. HPLC-TOF–MS detection of intermediates indicated DCF degradation via hydroxylation, decarboxylation, C-N bond cleavage, and benzene ring opening, forming small molecules, CO₂, and H₂O. Adsorption behavior conformed to the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model. The synergy of floc adsorption and ·OH-mediated degradation in PREC enabled efficient DCF removal, offering a promising advanced technology for PPCPs wastewater treatment.

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Al-Zn周期性反电凝（PREC）协同吸附-降解双氯芬酸钠：机理优化及修复性能

双氯芬酸（DCF）等持久性药物和个人护理产品（PPCPs）在常规废水处理中没有得到充分去除，造成了全球性的水污染问题。本研究通过研究Al-Zn电极的新型PREC高效去除DCF，并通过常规实验和响应面法（RSM）进行优化，解决了这一问题。在最佳条件下（初始DCF: 20 mg/L，电流：0.6 A, pH 7.0，搅拌：600 rpm）， DCF去除率达到了93.7%，优于标准电凝。紫外-可见分析表明，DCF是通过絮团吸附和·OH自由基降解去除的。该絮凝体为弱结晶度的ZnAl2O4，具有显著的吸附能力，并与DCF官能团相互作用。中间体HPLC-TOF-MS检测表明，DCF通过羟基化、脱羧、C-N键裂解和苯环打开降解，形成小分子、CO2和H2O。吸附行为符合准二级吸附动力学模型。絮凝体吸附和·oh介导降解在PREC中的协同作用，实现了DCF的高效去除，为PPCPs废水处理提供了一种有前景的先进技术。

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.