Tar-free and hydrogen-rich syngas from Euro cotton banknotes using gasification-catalytic reforming process and its life cycle assessment

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy Pub Date : 2025-10-19 DOI:10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108506

Samy Yousef , Justas Eimontas , Inga Stasiulaitiene , Kęstutis Zakarauskas , Nerijus Striūgas

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Recently, oxygen gasification technology has been used to convert Euro cotton banknote waste (BW) into hydrogen-rich synthetic gas (19 vol%), but the tar content is still above standard values and should be removed for future marketing. In this regard, this research was developed to study the possibility of using a catalytic reforming process to remove the tar content from syngas produced by BW gasification and enhance hydrogen (H₂) content in its composition. The life cycle assessment (LCA) of the proposed strategy and typical gasification of BW was also investigated according to ISO 14040/44 standard and ReCiPe 2016 pathway, and then compared to its incineration. The experiments were carried out using an updraft gasifier reactor (for production of syngas) connected in series with a catalytic reactor for upgrading reason. The untreated syngas of different compositions were prepared at different temperatures (700–900 °C) and equivalent air-fuel ratios (0.19–0.29), and then soot was separated from it using a ceramic filter. While the upgrading process of tar-laden syngas was carried out at 900 °C over Ni/Mg-porous clay heterostructure catalyst in a steam atmosphere. The results showed that the catalytic reforming process was very successful in removing tar (up to 99.98 %), resulting in an increase in the upgraded syngas production rate by 11–32 % with HHV = 9695 kJ/kg. In addition to its contribution to significantly enhancing H₂ content (53 vol%) and reducing CO and CH₄ content by 75.5 % and 96.6 % respectively. Meanwhile, the LCA showed a high potential in this strategy in reduce many environmental burdens compared to gasification combined with reforming process process with a significant reduction in the ranges of 73–99 % (gasification) and 68–99 % (gasification-catalytic reforming). Accordingly, gasification combined with catalytic reforming process can be considered as a promising eco-friendly technology to convert BW into tar-free and H₂-rich syngas.

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气化-催化重整制欧元棉钞票无焦油富氢合成气及其生命周期评价

最近，已采用氧气气化技术将欧元棉废钞票（BW）转化为富氢合成气（19 vol%），但焦油含量仍高于标准值，应去除，以供将来销售。因此，本研究旨在研究利用催化重整工艺去除生物质气化合成气中的焦油含量并提高其组成中氢（H2）含量的可能性。根据ISO 14040/44标准和ReCiPe 2016路径，对所提出的策略和典型生物垃圾气化的生命周期评估（LCA）进行了研究，并与焚烧进行了比较。实验是使用一个上升气流气化炉反应器（用于生产合成气）进行的，该反应器因升级原因与催化反应器串联。在不同温度（700 ~ 900℃）和等效空燃比（0.19 ~ 0.29）条件下制备不同组分的未处理合成气，利用陶瓷过滤器分离烟尘。而含焦油合成气的提质过程则是在水蒸气气氛下，在900°C的温度下，采用Ni/ mg多孔粘土异质结构催化剂进行的。结果表明，催化重整工艺对焦油的去除率达到99.98%，升级后的合成气产率提高了11% ~ 32%，HHV = 9695 kJ/kg。此外，它还能显著提高H2含量（53 vol%），使CO和CH4含量分别降低75.5%和96.6%。与此同时，与气化与重整相结合的工艺相比，LCA在减少许多环境负担方面显示出很高的潜力，在73 - 99%（气化）和68 - 99%（气化-催化重整）的范围内显著降低。因此，气化与催化重整相结合可以被认为是一种很有前途的环保技术，可以将BW转化为无焦油和富h2的合成气。

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来源期刊

Biomass & Bioenergy 工程技术-能源与燃料

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

3.30%

发文量

258

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Biomass & Bioenergy is an international journal publishing original research papers and short communications, review articles and case studies on biological resources, chemical and biological processes, and biomass products for new renewable sources of energy and materials. The scope of the journal extends to the environmental, management and economic aspects of biomass and bioenergy. Key areas covered by the journal: • Biomass: sources, energy crop production processes, genetic improvements, composition. Please note that research on these biomass subjects must be linked directly to bioenergy generation. • Biological Residues: residues/rests from agricultural production, forestry and plantations (palm, sugar etc), processing industries, and municipal sources (MSW). Papers on the use of biomass residues through innovative processes/technological novelty and/or consideration of feedstock/system sustainability (or unsustainability) are welcomed. However waste treatment processes and pollution control or mitigation which are only tangentially related to bioenergy are not in the scope of the journal, as they are more suited to publications in the environmental arena. Papers that describe conventional waste streams (ie well described in existing literature) that do not empirically address ''new'' added value from the process are not suitable for submission to the journal. • Bioenergy Processes: fermentations, thermochemical conversions, liquid and gaseous fuels, and petrochemical substitutes • Bioenergy Utilization: direct combustion, gasification, electricity production, chemical processes, and by-product remediation • Biomass and the Environment: carbon cycle, the net energy efficiency of bioenergy systems, assessment of sustainability, and biodiversity issues.