Impact of Comprehensive Lifestyle Interventions on Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acid Concentrations: A Randomized Trial.

IF 6.9 1区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.10.008

Yu Jin Lim, Rob M van Dam

{"title":"Impact of Comprehensive Lifestyle Interventions on Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acid Concentrations: A Randomized Trial.","authors":"Yu Jin Lim, Rob M van Dam","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.10.008","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Elevated plasma branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) concentrations are associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Lifestyle interventions have been proposed as a strategy to manage plasma BCAA concentrations, but evidence of their effectiveness is limited.Objective: We investigated the effects of comprehensive lifestyle interventions on plasma BCAA concentrations over six months and associations between changes in Body Mass Index (BMI), physical fitness, and dietary factors and plasma BCAA changes METHODS: The PREMIER study was a randomized trial of the effects of behavioral lifestyle interventions. The interventions included counseling on diet, exercise, and weight loss ('Established'), a similar intervention with additional guidance to follow Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension ('Established plus DASH'), and an advice-only control group. We analyzed data from 713 male and female adult participants during the 6-month intervention period. Data and biospecimens were obtained through the NHLBI BioLINCC repository, and plasma BCAA concentrations were measured using NMR spectroscopy. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between intervention groups and BCAA concentrations.Results: The Established (-7.19 μmol/L; 95% CI 17.45, 3.08) and Established plus DASH (-8.70 μmol/L; 95% CI -18.95, 1.55) interventions were associated with non-significant decreases in BCAA concentrations compared with the control group. Changes in BMI were correlated with changes in BCAA concentrations during the trial (partial Pearson r=0.24, p<0.001). Although changes in fitness and fiber intake were also significantly correlated with changes in BCAA concentrations, adjustment for BMI attenuated these correlations. Changes in the DASH and healthy plant-based diet indices and BCAA and protein intakes were not significantly correlated with plasma BCAA changes.Conclusion: Weight loss resulting from lifestyle interventions was associated with reductions in plasma BCAA concentrations. Improvements in fitness and diet composition were not associated with changes in BCAA concentrations independent of weight loss.Clinical trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00000616).","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.10.008","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Elevated plasma branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) concentrations are associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Lifestyle interventions have been proposed as a strategy to manage plasma BCAA concentrations, but evidence of their effectiveness is limited.

Objective: We investigated the effects of comprehensive lifestyle interventions on plasma BCAA concentrations over six months and associations between changes in Body Mass Index (BMI), physical fitness, and dietary factors and plasma BCAA changes METHODS: The PREMIER study was a randomized trial of the effects of behavioral lifestyle interventions. The interventions included counseling on diet, exercise, and weight loss ('Established'), a similar intervention with additional guidance to follow Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension ('Established plus DASH'), and an advice-only control group. We analyzed data from 713 male and female adult participants during the 6-month intervention period. Data and biospecimens were obtained through the NHLBI BioLINCC repository, and plasma BCAA concentrations were measured using NMR spectroscopy. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between intervention groups and BCAA concentrations.

Results: The Established (-7.19 μmol/L; 95% CI 17.45, 3.08) and Established plus DASH (-8.70 μmol/L; 95% CI -18.95, 1.55) interventions were associated with non-significant decreases in BCAA concentrations compared with the control group. Changes in BMI were correlated with changes in BCAA concentrations during the trial (partial Pearson r=0.24, p<0.001). Although changes in fitness and fiber intake were also significantly correlated with changes in BCAA concentrations, adjustment for BMI attenuated these correlations. Changes in the DASH and healthy plant-based diet indices and BCAA and protein intakes were not significantly correlated with plasma BCAA changes.

Conclusion: Weight loss resulting from lifestyle interventions was associated with reductions in plasma BCAA concentrations. Improvements in fitness and diet composition were not associated with changes in BCAA concentrations independent of weight loss.

Clinical trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00000616).

查看原文本刊更多论文

综合生活方式干预对血浆支链氨基酸浓度的影响：一项随机试验

背景：血浆支链氨基酸（BCAA）浓度升高与2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的高风险相关。生活方式干预已被提议作为控制血浆BCAA浓度的策略，但其有效性的证据有限。目的：我们研究了综合生活方式干预对6个月内血浆BCAA浓度的影响，以及身体质量指数（BMI）、身体健康和饮食因素变化与血浆BCAA变化之间的关系。方法：PREMIER研究是一项行为生活方式干预效果的随机试验。干预措施包括饮食、运动和减肥方面的咨询（“既定”），类似的干预措施，并提供额外的指导，以遵循饮食方法来阻止高血压（“既定加DASH”），以及仅提供建议的对照组。在6个月的干预期间，我们分析了713名男性和女性成年参与者的数据。数据和生物标本通过NHLBI BioLINCC库获得，血浆BCAA浓度通过NMR波谱测定。采用多元线性回归评估干预组与BCAA浓度之间的关系。结果：与对照组相比，建立组（-7.19 μmol/L， 95% CI为17.45,3.08）和建立组+ DASH组（-8.70 μmol/L， 95% CI为-18.95,1.55）干预与BCAA浓度无显著降低相关。在试验期间，BMI的变化与BCAA浓度的变化相关（部分Pearson r=0.24, p）。结论：生活方式干预导致的体重减轻与血浆BCAA浓度的降低相关。健康和饮食组成的改善与BCAA浓度的变化无关，独立于体重减轻。临床试验注册：https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00000616)。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

12.40

自引率

4.20%

发文量

332

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： American Journal of Clinical Nutrition is recognized as the most highly rated peer-reviewed, primary research journal in nutrition and dietetics.It focuses on publishing the latest research on various topics in nutrition, including but not limited to obesity, vitamins and minerals, nutrition and disease, and energy metabolism. Purpose: The purpose of AJCN is to: Publish original research studies relevant to human and clinical nutrition. Consider well-controlled clinical studies describing scientific mechanisms, efficacy, and safety of dietary interventions in the context of disease prevention or health benefits. Encourage public health and epidemiologic studies relevant to human nutrition. Promote innovative investigations of nutritional questions employing epigenetic, genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic approaches. Include solicited editorials, book reviews, solicited or unsolicited review articles, invited controversy position papers, and letters to the Editor related to prior AJCN articles. Peer Review Process: All submitted material with scientific content undergoes peer review by the Editors or their designees before acceptance for publication.