Dengue serotype dynamics in northeastern Peru: A study from the Amazonas region, 2021–2025

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2025.103009

Milagros L. García-Córdova , Luis M. Rojas , Lizandro Gonzales , Rafael Tapia-Limonchi , Stella M. Chenet , Christian J. Campos

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

In Peru, more than 270,000 dengue cases were reported nationwide in 2024, with 261 deaths, surpassing historical figures in various regions. The Amazonas region, located in northeastern Peru and home to an estimated 426,806 inhabitants, reported 1517 dengue cases in 2024. As of 2025, 1582 cases and 7 dengue-related deaths have already been reported. Dengue virus (DENV) serotype circulation patterns influence outbreak dynamics and disease severity. This study aimed to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of DENV serotypes and analyze their relationship with clinical and epidemiological characteristics in the Amazonas region of Peru from 2021 to 2025.

Methods

An observational, retrospective, and analytical study was conducted using a clinical-epidemiological database of confirmed dengue cases reported between 2021 and 2025. Serotype distribution was analyzed using geographic mapping and time series. Associations between serotypes and clinical classification, incidence, and outbreak magnitude were assessed using ANOVA, chi-square, and logistic regression.

Results

A significantly heterogeneous distribution of DENV serotypes was observed across provinces (p < 0.001). DENV-2 was the most prevalent serotype and was predominantly associated with large-scale outbreaks. DENV-1 and DENV-3 circulated less frequently. No significant association was found between serotype and clinical classification or overall incidence. However, prior dengue infection (based on clinical-epidemiological records that included self-report) was significantly associated with a reduced likelihood of developing warning signs (p = 0.032)

Conclusions

Between 2021 and 2025, the Amazonas region exhibited a spatiotemporally varied pattern of DENV serotype circulation, with DENV-2 as the dominant serotype linked to major outbreaks. While serotypes were not directly associated with clinical severity, previous infection (based on clinical-epidemiological records that included self-report) conferred partial protection against severe manifestations. These findings underscore the importance of continuous serotype surveillance to inform public health interventions.

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秘鲁东北部登革热血清型动态：2021-2025年亚马逊地区研究

背景：在秘鲁，2024年全国报告了27万多例登革热病例，其中261人死亡，超过了各个地区的历史数字。亚马逊地区位于秘鲁东北部，估计有426,806名居民，2024年报告了1517例登革热病例。截至2025年，已经报告了1582例病例和7例与登革热有关的死亡。登革热病毒（DENV）血清型循环模式影响疫情动态和疾病严重程度。本研究旨在描述2021 - 2025年秘鲁亚马逊地区DENV血清型的时空分布，并分析其与临床和流行病学特征的关系。方法：对2021年至2025年间报告的登革热确诊病例的临床流行病学数据库进行观察性、回顾性和分析性研究。采用地理制图和时间序列分析血清型分布。使用方差分析、卡方分析和逻辑回归评估血清型与临床分型、发病率和爆发程度之间的关系。结果：DENV血清型在各省的分布具有显著的异质性(p

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来源期刊

Journal of Infection and Public Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -INFECTIOUS DISEASES

CiteScore

13.10

自引率

1.50%

发文量

203

审稿时长

96 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Infection and Public Health, first official journal of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and the Saudi Association for Public Health, aims to be the foremost scientific, peer-reviewed journal encompassing infection prevention and control, microbiology, infectious diseases, public health and the application of healthcare epidemiology to the evaluation of health outcomes. The point of view of the journal is that infection and public health are closely intertwined and that advances in one area will have positive consequences on the other. The journal will be useful to all health professionals who are partners in the management of patients with communicable diseases, keeping them up to date. The journal is proud to have an international and diverse editorial board that will assist and facilitate the publication of articles that reflect a global view on infection control and public health, as well as emphasizing our focus on supporting the needs of public health practitioners. It is our aim to improve healthcare by reducing risk of infection and related adverse outcomes by critical review, selection, and dissemination of new and relevant information in the field of infection control, public health and infectious diseases in all healthcare settings and the community.