Assessment of an algorithm-based combination device for objective and subjective refraction: accuracy and efficiency across examiner experience levels

IF 3.1 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Journal of Optometry Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI:10.1016/j.optom.2025.100580

Antonia Roth , Katharina Breher , Niklas Domdei , Jonas Müller , Siegfried Wahl

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose

A novel combination device for objective and subjective refraction was assessed regarding repeatability, reproducibility, validity, vision quality, and timing for experienced and untrained examiners.

Methods

Six examiners (each three trained optometrists and untrained examiners) examined 33 healthy participants for objective and subjective refraction. The ZEISS VISUCORE 500 (VC) objective and subjective refraction combination device with an algorithm-based guided and regular custom mode was compared to a conventional control procedure (wavefront aberrometer and phoropter).

Results

For the objective measurement of spherical equivalent refractive error (SE), VC shows good repeatability (≤ ±0.29 D) and reproducibility (≤ ±0.28 D) across all examiners versus control (±0.34 D and ≤ ±0.30 D, respectively), measured only by trained examiners. VC measures slightly negative objective refractions for SE with a mean difference (MD) and 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of -0.07 ± 1.24 D analyzed for a trained examiner. Subjective refraction for VC guided and custom mode showed good repeatability (≤ ±0.64 D) and reproducibility (≤ ±0.59 D) regarding SE for the examiner level. The results were similar to control (±0.54 D and ±0.51 D, respectively) with MD and LoA of +0.12 ± 0.67 D and +0.14 ± 0.66 D for VC guided and custom for trained examiner level. No significant differences were observed in best-corrected visual acuity across the three refraction workflows (all p > 0.05). The VC guided procedure was the most time-efficient, requiring less than 5 min of chair time.

Conclusions

The tested combination refraction device provides reliable and efficient objective and subjective refraction measurements across trained and untrained examiners.

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基于算法的客观和主观折射组合设备的评估：跨审查员经验水平的准确性和效率。

目的：为经验丰富和未经培训的检查员评估一种新型的客观和主观折射组合装置的可重复性、再现性、有效性、视力质量和时间。方法：6名验光师（每3名训练有素的验光师和3名未经训练的验光师）对33名健康受试者进行客观和主观屈光检查。将蔡司VISUCORE 500 （VC）主客观折射组合装置与传统控制程序（波前像差仪和光镜）进行比较，该装置采用基于算法的引导和常规自定义模式。结果：对于球面等效屈光误差（SE）的客观测量，VC在所有检查人员中显示出良好的重复性（≤±0.29 D）和再现性（≤±0.28 D），而对照组仅由经过培训的检查人员测量（分别为±0.34 D和≤±0.30 D）。VC测量SE的轻微负物镜折射，平均差值（MD）和95%一致限（LoA）为-0.07±1.24 D。在主观上，VC引导和自定义模式的主观折射在SE方面具有良好的重复性（≤±0.64 D）和再现性（≤±0.59 D）。结果与对照组相似（分别为±0.54 D和±0.51 D）， VC引导和培训审查员水平定制的MD和LoA分别为+0.12±0.67 D和+0.14±0.66 D。三个屈光工作流程的最佳矫正视力无显著差异（均p < 0.05）。VC引导的手术最省时，只需不到5分钟的主持时间。结论：经过测试的组合屈光仪为经过培训和未经培训的检查员提供了可靠和有效的客观和主观屈光测量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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