Effects of plyometric jump training on physical performance in female soccer players across the competitive level: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Jordan Hernandez-Martinez, Bayron Coñapi-Union, Sebastian Canales-Canales, Joaquin Perez-Carcamo, Javier Sanchez-Sanchez, Mario Sánchez, Izham Cid-Calfucura, Edgar Vasquez-Carrasco, Tomás Herrera-Valenzuela, Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco, Pablo Valdés-Badilla
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Abstract
This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to update the analysis of the available body of peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) articles on the effect of plyometric jump training (PJT) on physical performance in female soccer players according to competitive level. Six databases (PubMed, Medline, Collection of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, CINAHL Complete, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched. The PRISMA, TESTEX, RoB 2, and GRADE instruments were utilized to assess methodological quality and certainty of evidence. Effect sizes (Hedge's g) for physical performance variables were calculated using both fixed and random-effects models. Subgroup analysis were conducted based on competitive level (amateur/professional), program duration, training frequency, and total number of sessions. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42025634705). Fourteen RCTs were included, with 149 participants in 15 experimental groups and 139 in 14 control groups. Several meta-analysis were conducted, revealing significant improvements in countermovement jump (p = 0.07; ES = 0.59), squat jump (p = 0.00; ES = 0.76), drop jump (p = 0.01; ES = 1.65), maximum jump power (p = 0.00, ES = 0.85), Illinois test (p = 0.00, ES = 1.15), 20-m shuttle run test (p = 0.13, ES = 1.12), and ball kicking (p = 0.00; ES = 1.30). Subgroup studies revealed that PJT was more effective in professional soccer players than in amateur players (p = 0.03, ES = 0.54). Interventions with fewer than 16 sessions (p = 0.003, ES = 0.52), more than 6 weeks in duration (p = 0.05, ES = 1.42), and fewer than 2 sessions per week (p = 0.005, ES = 0.50) resulted in a significant improvement in countermovement jump. In conclusion, PJT significantly improved jump height, agility, speed lineal and kicking power tests in female soccer players.
本系统综述采用荟萃分析，旨在更新现有的同行评议的随机对照试验（RCTs）文章，对不同竞技水平的女子足球运动员进行增力跳跃训练（PJT）对身体表现的影响进行分析。检索6个数据库（PubMed, Medline, Collection of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, CINAHL Complete， Scopus和Web of Science）。使用PRISMA、TESTEX、RoB 2和GRADE仪器评估方法学质量和证据的确定性。使用固定和随机效应模型计算物理性能变量的效应大小（Hedge’s g）。亚组分析是根据竞技水平（业余/专业）、项目持续时间、训练频率和总次数进行的。该协议已在PROSPERO中注册（代码：CRD42025634705）。纳入14项随机对照试验，15个实验组149人，14个对照组139人。多项荟萃分析显示，学生在反向跳（p = 0.07, ES = 0.59）、深蹲跳（p = 0.00, ES = 0.76）、落体跳（p = 0.01, ES = 1.65）、最大起跳力（p = 0.00, ES = 0.85）、伊利诺斯测验（p = 0.00, ES = 1.15）、20米跑动测验（p = 0.13, ES = 1.12）和踢球（p = 0.00, ES = 1.30）方面均有显著提高。亚组研究显示，职业足球运动员的PJT比业余足球运动员更有效（p = 0.03, ES = 0.54）。少于16个疗程（p = 0.003, ES = 0.52）、持续时间超过6周（p = 0.05, ES = 1.42）和每周少于2个疗程（p = 0.005, ES = 0.50）的干预措施显著改善了反向运动跳跃。综上所述，PJT显著改善了女子足球运动员的跳高、敏捷性、速度直线和踢球力测试。系统评价注册：CRD42025634705。
期刊介绍：
Frontiers in Physiology is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research on the physiology of living systems, from the subcellular and molecular domains to the intact organism, and its interaction with the environment. Field Chief Editor George E. Billman at the Ohio State University Columbus is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
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