{"title":"Disparities in Allostatic Load Among Different Races: A Comprehensive Scoping Review.","authors":"Olanike Gloria Olowokere, Olutola Esther Olasehinde, Titilayo Ifeoluwa Bisi-Adeniyi, Abimbola Fatima Onyia, Opeyemi Christiana De Campos, Oluwakemi Anuoluwapo Rotimi, Solomon Oladapo Rotimi","doi":"10.1007/s40615-025-02697-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Allostatic load measures the cumulative stress, and it varies across populations. Its accurate measurement among racial groups is essential for understanding the effects of chronic stress on health. This review is aimed at investigating disparities in allostatic load between races and exploring the underlying mechanisms driving these disparities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of literature was conducted, resulting in the inclusion of 296 relevant studies. These studies investigated a wide range of allostatic load biomarkers from the cardiovascular, metabolic, neuroendocrine, and immune systems. They involved diverse racial and ethnic populations with variations in age, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and stress exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review revealed disparities in allostatic load biomarkers across different population groups. The extensive examination of a wide range of biomarkers in the selected studies showed systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate/pulse rate, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index, total cholesterol (TC), C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 (IL-6)/IL-6 receptor as the most frequently used biomarkers across populations. Socioeconomic status, age, racial discrimination, stressful life events, and adverse health outcomes were associated with allostatic load across different racial groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Disparities exist in previous studies on allostatic load due to differences in biomarker inclusion, calculation methods, study types, and populations studied. In addition, the roles of factors like social determinants of health, discrimination, and constitutive factors like genetics and age were discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16921,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-025-02697-y","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Allostatic load measures the cumulative stress, and it varies across populations. Its accurate measurement among racial groups is essential for understanding the effects of chronic stress on health. This review is aimed at investigating disparities in allostatic load between races and exploring the underlying mechanisms driving these disparities.
Methods: A systematic search of literature was conducted, resulting in the inclusion of 296 relevant studies. These studies investigated a wide range of allostatic load biomarkers from the cardiovascular, metabolic, neuroendocrine, and immune systems. They involved diverse racial and ethnic populations with variations in age, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and stress exposure.
Results: The review revealed disparities in allostatic load biomarkers across different population groups. The extensive examination of a wide range of biomarkers in the selected studies showed systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate/pulse rate, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index, total cholesterol (TC), C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 (IL-6)/IL-6 receptor as the most frequently used biomarkers across populations. Socioeconomic status, age, racial discrimination, stressful life events, and adverse health outcomes were associated with allostatic load across different racial groups.
Conclusion: Disparities exist in previous studies on allostatic load due to differences in biomarker inclusion, calculation methods, study types, and populations studied. In addition, the roles of factors like social determinants of health, discrimination, and constitutive factors like genetics and age were discussed.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities reports on the scholarly progress of work to understand, address, and ultimately eliminate health disparities based on race and ethnicity. Efforts to explore underlying causes of health disparities and to describe interventions that have been undertaken to address racial and ethnic health disparities are featured. Promising studies that are ongoing or studies that have longer term data are welcome, as are studies that serve as lessons for best practices in eliminating health disparities. Original research, systematic reviews, and commentaries presenting the state-of-the-art thinking on problems centered on health disparities will be considered for publication. We particularly encourage review articles that generate innovative and testable ideas, and constructive discussions and/or critiques of health disparities.Because the Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities receives a large number of submissions, about 30% of submissions to the Journal are sent out for full peer review.
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