Selective Isolation and Characterization of Lauric Methyl Ester From Ariri Coconut (Syagrus cocoides Martius) Fatty Oil

Abstract

Syagrus cocoides Martius is a palm tree species. Its fruits are composed of an oily almond, until now restricted only to popular use. On the basis of that, to contribute scientific information about this plant, this work evaluated the physical Ariri coconut characteristic, the physical–chemical specifications of almond oil, and its potential to selectively obtain the lauric methyl ester from the transesterification oil reaction. Cold and hot oil extraction was performed using hexane as solvent, producing 18% and 14%, respectively. Alkaline transesterification was conducted for 1 h, and total conversion was observed. Conducting the ester separation by classic column chromatography, the effective isolation of lauric methyl ester in a 93% purity and 27% isolated yield was obtained. The results of this study contribute to knowledge regarding an under-explored species. Furthermore, they facilitate the development of sustainable methodologies for obtaining valuable oleochemical products.

Practical Applications: This study demonstrates the potential of the Ariri coconut as an alternative source of oil and raw material for the production of standard lauric methyl ester, a substance of high commercial value. The findings of this study indicate that Syagrus cocoides Martius, Ariri, is a promising species due to its comparable oil content to other palm species, suggesting the potential for the production of various fatty acid esters. The fractionation of lauric acid ester by column chromatography was effective and selective, indicating a new route for the production of analytical standards or inputs for the fine chemicals industry.