Possible Mechanisms for the Record-Breaking Persistent Extreme Rainfall Event Over Southern China in April 2024: Synergistic Effects of Multiscale Systems

IF 4.6 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI:10.1029/2025GL116189

Wenqi Pan, Jianqi Sun, Jiehua Ma

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Abstract

In April 2024, southern China suffered a record-breaking persistent extreme rainfall event (PERE), affecting 1.60 million people and causing direct economic losses of 11.98 billion RMB. This study reveals the synergistic effects of sea surface temperature (SST) and intraseasonal atmospheric circulation. Positive SST anomalies in tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) strengthen the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) via Gill-type response (basical theory describing the atmospheric response to external forces such as tropical SST), enhancing moisture transport to southern China. The 10–30-day intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) along the subtropical westerly jet initiates the event by inducing a low-pressure and ascending motion over southern China. The 30–90-day ISO along the polar front jet sustains the event by intensifying East Asian westerly jet and maintaining ascending motion over southern China. Furthermore, North Atlantic SST anomalies enhance North Atlantic jet stream, promoting downstream propagation of intraseasonal wave trains via energy conversion.

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2024年4月中国南方破纪录持续极端降雨事件的可能机制：多尺度系统的协同效应

2024年4月，中国南方遭受了破历史记录的持续极端降雨事件（PERE），影响了160万人，造成直接经济损失119.8亿元人民币。本研究揭示了海温与季节内大气环流的协同作用。热带印度洋（TIO）海温正异常通过吉尔型响应（描述大气对热带海温等外力响应的基本理论）加强了西太平洋副热带高压（WPSH），增强了中国南部的水汽输送。沿副热带西风急流的10-30天季内振荡（ISO）通过在华南上空诱发一个低压上升运动而引发了这次事件。沿极锋急流的30-90天ISO通过加强东亚西风急流和维持华南上空的上升运动来维持事件。此外，北大西洋海温异常增强了北大西洋急流，通过能量转换促进了季内波列的下游传播。

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来源期刊

Geophysical Research Letters 地学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

9.00

自引率

9.60%

发文量

1588

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) publishes high-impact, innovative, and timely research on major scientific advances in all the major geoscience disciplines. Papers are communications-length articles and should have broad and immediate implications in their discipline or across the geosciences. GRLmaintains the fastest turn-around of all high-impact publications in the geosciences and works closely with authors to ensure broad visibility of top papers.