Next-generation bi-gel platforms for site-specific anticancer delivery.

Abstract

Introduction: Bi-gels are a novel drug delivery system that enhances the regulated and targeted release of anticancer therapies by combining hydrogels and organogels. These dual-phase systems, including a hydrophilic polymer network (hydrogel) and a lipophilic polymer network (organogel), enable the simultaneous administration of hydrophilic and lipophilic pharmaceuticals. In bi-gels, the aqueous and organic phases provide complementary functions.

Areas covered: This study examines the principles of bi-gels, encompassing their definition, composition, gelation processes, and preparation techniques. It emphasizes the design and formulation techniques for cancer treatment, concentrating on polymeric materials, phase roles, and encapsulation parameters. The discussion encompasses targeting strategies including passive mechanisms (EPR effect), active mechanisms (ligand-receptor interactions), and response to the tumor microenvironment. Applications in oncology, namely bi-gel systems treating cutaneous malignancies, are highlighted. The review combines formulation science with therapeutic targeting to introduce bi-gels as potential platforms for regulated drug delivery and improved anticancer effectiveness.

Expert opinion: Bi-gels are sophisticated dual-phase drug carriers created by several gelation processes. They facilitate efficient encapsulation, phase-controlled delivery, and tumor-specific targeting via ligand interactions and microenvironment sensitivity, presenting promising applications in cancer therapy with improved precision and bioavailability.