{"title":"Self-Health Monitoring by Smart Devices and Ontology Technology for Older Adults With Uncontrolled Hypertension: Quasi-Experimental Study.","authors":"Sutteeporn Moolsart, Khajitpan M Kritpolviman","doi":"10.2196/73386","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a prevalent concern among older adults, often leading to complex cardiovascular complications when uncontrolled. Telenursing technology facilitates self-management, and the integration of domain-specific ontology allows real-time interpretation of behavioral and biometric data to provide personalized recommendations, enhancing patient engagement and self-care.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine the within-group and between-group effects of self-health monitoring using smart devices combined with ontology technology on hypertension-controlling behavior and mean arterial pressure among older adults with uncontrolled hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The quasi-experimental design was conducted with 91 older adults in Bangkok, Thailand (46 experimental and 45 comparison participants). Participants in the experimental group used the \"HT GeriCare@STOU\" app on smartphones, linked to smartwatches for blood pressure monitoring, step count, and sleep pattern, with telenursing support via video calls. Data on hypertension-controlling behavior were collected using a validated questionnaire (Cronbach α=0.83; content validity index=0.98). Descriptive statistics and t tests were used to analyze within-group and between-group differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within-group analysis revealed that experimental participants showed improved hypertension-controlling behavior and reduced mean arterial pressure after the program. Between-group comparisons indicated that mean arterial pressure in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the comparison group (P<.05), although hypertension-controlling behavior did not differ significantly between groups. Older adult participants and nurses reported high satisfaction, noting that real-time feedback increased awareness of blood pressure and motivated independent health behavior adjustments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-health monitoring using smart devices integrated with ontology technology effectively improved physiological outcomes and supported self-management in older adults with uncontrolled hypertension. The ontology framework enabled personalized, real-time decision support, highlighting its novelty, and potential to enhance nursing practice. Future studies with larger samples and longer follow-up are recommended to further evaluate the intervention's effectiveness and scalability.</p>","PeriodicalId":73556,"journal":{"name":"JMIR nursing","volume":"8 ","pages":"e73386"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12520622/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"JMIR nursing","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2196/73386","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a prevalent concern among older adults, often leading to complex cardiovascular complications when uncontrolled. Telenursing technology facilitates self-management, and the integration of domain-specific ontology allows real-time interpretation of behavioral and biometric data to provide personalized recommendations, enhancing patient engagement and self-care.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the within-group and between-group effects of self-health monitoring using smart devices combined with ontology technology on hypertension-controlling behavior and mean arterial pressure among older adults with uncontrolled hypertension.
Methods: The quasi-experimental design was conducted with 91 older adults in Bangkok, Thailand (46 experimental and 45 comparison participants). Participants in the experimental group used the "HT GeriCare@STOU" app on smartphones, linked to smartwatches for blood pressure monitoring, step count, and sleep pattern, with telenursing support via video calls. Data on hypertension-controlling behavior were collected using a validated questionnaire (Cronbach α=0.83; content validity index=0.98). Descriptive statistics and t tests were used to analyze within-group and between-group differences.
Results: Within-group analysis revealed that experimental participants showed improved hypertension-controlling behavior and reduced mean arterial pressure after the program. Between-group comparisons indicated that mean arterial pressure in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the comparison group (P<.05), although hypertension-controlling behavior did not differ significantly between groups. Older adult participants and nurses reported high satisfaction, noting that real-time feedback increased awareness of blood pressure and motivated independent health behavior adjustments.
Conclusions: Self-health monitoring using smart devices integrated with ontology technology effectively improved physiological outcomes and supported self-management in older adults with uncontrolled hypertension. The ontology framework enabled personalized, real-time decision support, highlighting its novelty, and potential to enhance nursing practice. Future studies with larger samples and longer follow-up are recommended to further evaluate the intervention's effectiveness and scalability.
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