The Association Between the Decrease of Perirenal Fat and Hypertension Following Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Single-Center 1-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study.

Abstract

Background: Growing evidence supports the role of visceral fat mass, including perirenal fat (PRF), in obesity-related hypertension. Previous studies have shown that metabolic surgeries can decrease visceral fat mass and PRF. The effectiveness of metabolic surgeries, particularly sleeve gastrectomy, in ameliorating obesity-related hypertension via decreasing the PRF, still needs to be determined.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included morbidly obese patients who were candidates for sleeve gastrectomy referred to a tertiary hospital in Tehran. The anthropometric features, lipid profile, serum creatinine, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and PRF via sonography were recorded before the surgery and compared with the results 12 months later.

Results: One year after sleeve gastrectomy, significant improvement was noted in body weight, body mass index, and metabolic indexes such as lipid profile, serum creatinine, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and PRF (all p < 0.05). Also, a significant association was noted between PRF changes and serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, and blood pressure (p = 0.03, p = 0.02, and p = 0.02, respectively).

Conclusions: Sleeve gastrectomy is associated with a significantly improved anthropometric features, PRF, lipid profile, serum creatinine, and blood pressure. PRF is associated with blood pressure, LDL, and triglycerides and appears independent of weight and BMI changes based on observed correlations.