Association between COVID-19 infection and risk of mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

General hospital psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.10.008

Jiayi Liu , Honghao Lai , Weilong Zhao , Jiajie Huang , Bei Pan , Janne Estill , Long Ge

{"title":"Association between COVID-19 infection and risk of mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Jiayi Liu , Honghao Lai , Weilong Zhao , Jiajie Huang , Bei Pan , Janne Estill , Long Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.10.008","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To systematically review and meta-analyse the association between COVID-19 and the risk of mental disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the reference lists of systematic reviews and included cohort studies assessing the association between COVID-19 and mental disorders. Two reviewers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and the risk of bias assessment. We conducted a random-effect meta-analysis to assess the association and calculated the pooled risk ratio with 95 % confidence interval.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-eight cohorts with a total of 977,434,207 participants proved eligible. We revealed a 40 % increased risk (RR = 1.40, 95 %CI: 1.23 to 1.59; absolute risk difference = 31 more per 1000 persons, 18 more to 45 more) of mental disorders in patients with COVID-19 compared with non-exposed individuals. Moreover, COVID-19 may be related to the risks of anxiety or fear-related disorders, mood disorders, bipolar or related disorders, depressive disorders, unspecified mood disorders, neurocognitive disorders, dementia, mild cognitive disorders, unspecified neurocognitive disorders, psychotic disorders, stress and adjustment disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, unspecified stress and adjustment disorders, and prescriptions for psychotropic medications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest an association between COVID-19 and risk of mental disorders, as well as the prescriptions for psychotropic medications. It is imperative for individuals to become vigilant of mental health problems that may arise following COVID-19.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12517,"journal":{"name":"General hospital psychiatry","volume":"97 ","pages":"Pages 130-143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"General hospital psychiatry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163834325001999","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

To systematically review and meta-analyse the association between COVID-19 and the risk of mental disorders.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the reference lists of systematic reviews and included cohort studies assessing the association between COVID-19 and mental disorders. Two reviewers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and the risk of bias assessment. We conducted a random-effect meta-analysis to assess the association and calculated the pooled risk ratio with 95 % confidence interval.

Results

Twenty-eight cohorts with a total of 977,434,207 participants proved eligible. We revealed a 40 % increased risk (RR = 1.40, 95 %CI: 1.23 to 1.59; absolute risk difference = 31 more per 1000 persons, 18 more to 45 more) of mental disorders in patients with COVID-19 compared with non-exposed individuals. Moreover, COVID-19 may be related to the risks of anxiety or fear-related disorders, mood disorders, bipolar or related disorders, depressive disorders, unspecified mood disorders, neurocognitive disorders, dementia, mild cognitive disorders, unspecified neurocognitive disorders, psychotic disorders, stress and adjustment disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, unspecified stress and adjustment disorders, and prescriptions for psychotropic medications.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest an association between COVID-19 and risk of mental disorders, as well as the prescriptions for psychotropic medications. It is imperative for individuals to become vigilant of mental health problems that may arise following COVID-19.

查看原文本刊更多论文

COVID-19感染与精神障碍风险之间的关联：系统综述和荟萃分析。

目的：系统回顾和荟萃分析COVID-19与精神障碍风险的关系。方法：检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、PsycINFO和系统评价的参考文献列表，并纳入评估COVID-19与精神障碍之间关系的队列研究。两名审稿人独立进行文献筛选、数据提取和偏倚风险评估。我们进行了随机效应荟萃分析来评估相关性，并以95%的置信区间计算了合并风险比。结果：28个队列共977,434,207名参与者被证明符合条件。我们发现，与未暴露的个体相比，COVID-19患者患精神障碍的风险增加了40% （RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.23至1.59；绝对风险差=每1000人多31人，18至45人）。此外，COVID-19可能与以下风险有关：焦虑或恐惧相关障碍、情绪障碍、双相情感障碍或相关障碍、抑郁症、未指明的情绪障碍、神经认知障碍、痴呆、轻度认知障碍、未指明的神经认知障碍、精神障碍、压力和适应障碍、创伤后应激障碍、未指明的压力和适应障碍以及精神药物处方。结论：我们的研究结果表明，COVID-19与精神障碍风险以及精神药物处方之间存在关联。个人必须对COVID-19后可能出现的心理健康问题保持警惕。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

General hospital psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

2.90%

发文量

125

审稿时长

20 days

期刊介绍： General Hospital Psychiatry explores the many linkages among psychiatry, medicine, and primary care. In emphasizing a biopsychosocial approach to illness and health, the journal provides a forum for professionals with clinical, academic, and research interests in psychiatry''s role in the mainstream of medicine.