[The guideline for diagnosis and treatment of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (2025 edition)].

Abstract

Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by dream enactment behaviors and rapid eye movement sleep without atonia (RWA). It is associated with a significantly increased risk of conversion to neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, the clinical diagnosis and management of RBD remain insufficiently standardized, while early identification and intervention are crucial for improving disease outcomes. To raise awareness and attention among clinicians towards RBD and provide guidance for its standardized management, experts in the fields of neurology and sleep medicine in China formulated the guideline for diagnosis and treatment of RBD. This guideline was established in accordance with the current evidence-based medicine to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of RBD in China. Based on systematic literature reviews and international grading systems for recommendations and evidence levels, the guideline systematically summarized the epidemiology, etiology, classification, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, as well as prognosis and outcomes of RBD. A total of five recommendations were formulated in the field of treatment. The guideline aimed to provide scientific and standardized guidance for the clinical management of RBD.