Smart Nursing-Based Tripartite Dual-Track Interactive Nursing in Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Disease Complicated by the "Three Highs".

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Tripartite Dual-Track Interactive Nursing (TDTIN) model, incorporating smart nursing technologies, in elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated by hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia (collectively termed the "three highs"), and to verify its improvement effects on patients' self-care capacity, quality of life, and psychological well-being. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 162 elderly CHD patients with the "three highs," allocated equally into an observation group (n = 81, receiving smart nursing-based TDTIN) and a conventional group (n = 81, receiving conventional care). Both groups were monitored for 3 months post-discharge. Standardized assessments included the Exercise of Self-Care Agency (ESCA) scale for self-care ability, the Barthel Index (BI) for activities of daily living, the Hamilton Anxiety (HAMA) and Depression (HAMD) scales for psychological status, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale for compliance, and a satisfaction survey. Compared to the conventional group, the observation group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in self-care ability (ESCA) and quality of life (BI), along with lower HAMA and HAMD scores (P < 0.05). The observation group also exhibited higher treatment compliance (Morisky) and satisfaction ratings (P < 0.05). Additionally, caregivers in the observation group showed enhanced caregiving skills and support scores (P < 0.05). The TDTIN model, leveraging smart nursing, significantly enhances self-care capacity, quality of life, treatment compliance, and psychological outcomes in elderly CHD patients with the "three highs," while strengthening family-community support systems.