From exposure to outcomes: How air pollutants impact maternal and foetal health

IF 2.8 4区医学 Q2 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive toxicology Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI:10.1016/j.reprotox.2025.109080

Garvita Parikh, Bhoomika Patel

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Air pollution is a leading environmental risk factor, contributing significantly to respiratory illnesses, cardiovascular diseases, and other chronic conditions; ultimately increasing the global burden of ailments. While the harmful effects of air pollutants on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems are well-known, concerns over their impact on pregnancy outcomes are rising. Pregnant women and their developing fetuses are particularly more susceptible to the harmful effects of air pollutants, which can penetrate the placental barrier and lead to a wide range of negative consequences, such as preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, gestational diabetes, and placenta previa. These consequences concurrently lead to adversarial birth outcomes like congenital abnormalities, developmental delays, preterm birth, etc. This review elucidates the link between maternal exposure to air pollutants and the subsequent occurrence of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. It also explores the utility of various biomarkers, including inflammatory markers, oxidative stress markers, and molecular markers, used to assess the presence of air pollutants and their impact on pregnancy and birth outcomes. Furthermore, through assimilating these insights, this review emphasizes the crucial need for targeted interventions and policies to mitigate the air pollutants deadly effect on sensitive and vulnerable groups.

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从接触到结果：空气污染物如何影响孕产妇和胎儿健康。

空气污染是一个主要的环境风险因素，严重导致呼吸系统疾病、心血管疾病和其他慢性疾病；最终增加全球疾病负担。虽然空气污染物对呼吸系统和心血管系统的有害影响是众所周知的，但对其对妊娠结局的影响的担忧正在增加。孕妇及其发育中的胎儿特别容易受到空气污染物的有害影响，空气污染物可以穿透胎盘屏障，导致一系列负面后果，如先兆子痫、胎膜早破、妊娠糖尿病和前置胎盘。这些后果同时导致不利的出生结果，如先天性异常、发育迟缓、早产等。这篇综述阐明了母亲暴露于空气污染物和随后发生的不良妊娠和分娩结局之间的联系。它还探讨了各种生物标志物的用途，包括炎症标志物、氧化应激标志物和分子标志物，用于评估空气污染物的存在及其对妊娠和分娩结果的影响。此外，通过吸收这些见解，本综述强调了有针对性的干预措施和政策的迫切需要，以减轻空气污染物对敏感和弱势群体的致命影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Reproductive toxicology 生物-毒理学

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

3.00%

发文量

131

审稿时长

45 days

期刊介绍： Drawing from a large number of disciplines, Reproductive Toxicology publishes timely, original research on the influence of chemical and physical agents on reproduction. Written by and for obstetricians, pediatricians, embryologists, teratologists, geneticists, toxicologists, andrologists, and others interested in detecting potential reproductive hazards, the journal is a forum for communication among researchers and practitioners. Articles focus on the application of in vitro, animal and clinical research to the practice of clinical medicine. All aspects of reproduction are within the scope of Reproductive Toxicology, including the formation and maturation of male and female gametes, sexual function, the events surrounding the fusion of gametes and the development of the fertilized ovum, nourishment and transport of the conceptus within the genital tract, implantation, embryogenesis, intrauterine growth, placentation and placental function, parturition, lactation and neonatal survival. Adverse reproductive effects in males will be considered as significant as adverse effects occurring in females. To provide a balanced presentation of approaches, equal emphasis will be given to clinical and animal or in vitro work. Typical end points that will be studied by contributors include infertility, sexual dysfunction, spontaneous abortion, malformations, abnormal histogenesis, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, prematurity, behavioral abnormalities, and perinatal mortality.