Maria Rosaria Squeo, Armando Ferrera, Giuseppe Di Gioia, Cristian Triolo, Andrea Serdoz, Federica Mango, Viviana Maestrini, Sara Monosilio, Giovanni Marco Dutti, Alessandro Spinelli, Roberto Fiore, Domenico Zampaglione, Giulia Paoletti, Simone Crotta, Giuseppe Santoro, Massimo Volpe, Antonio Pelliccia, Marco Bernardi
{"title":"Cardiovascular Pre-participation Evaluation of Athletes with an Impairment Recruited for Paris 2024 Paralympic Games.","authors":"Maria Rosaria Squeo, Armando Ferrera, Giuseppe Di Gioia, Cristian Triolo, Andrea Serdoz, Federica Mango, Viviana Maestrini, Sara Monosilio, Giovanni Marco Dutti, Alessandro Spinelli, Roberto Fiore, Domenico Zampaglione, Giulia Paoletti, Simone Crotta, Giuseppe Santoro, Massimo Volpe, Antonio Pelliccia, Marco Bernardi","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00740-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Paralympic athletes (PA) represent a special part of the athletic population and deserve a specialized functional and medical care. In view of the 2024 Paris Paralympic Games, a comprehensive sport medical screening was carried out in Italy. This pre-participation medical assessment included clinical, laboratory and instrumental tests including cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and trans thoracic echocardiography (TTE).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess prevalence and type of cardiovascular abnormalities in PA candidate to compete in 2024 Paralympic Games.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 167 PA, 80 female and 87 male PA. All of them underwent a comprehensive, multidisciplinary evaluation, including a full panel of blood tests, resting ECG, TTE and CPET.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>74 PA (44%) showed one or more cardiovascular abnormalities. In details, 12 PA showed abnormal basal ECG findings, 7 abnormal TTE results, 1 uncontrolled hypertension, 30 exercise induced arrhythmias, 8 abnormal basal ECG findings in combination with exercise induced arrhythmias and 7 abnormal basal ECG finding and abnormal echocardiographic findings. Furthermore, 9 PA showed exercise test induced arrhythmias with abnormal echocardiographic findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PA, despite their attitude high levels of performance, are not exempt from cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities, including a small proportion of cardiac conditions at potential risk of sudden cardiac death. Comprehensive diagnostic tools, including CPET, echocardiography and full blood tests are important to identify hidden cardiovascular abnormalities potentially harmful to the athlete's health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"617-628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-025-00740-x","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/10/14 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Paralympic athletes (PA) represent a special part of the athletic population and deserve a specialized functional and medical care. In view of the 2024 Paris Paralympic Games, a comprehensive sport medical screening was carried out in Italy. This pre-participation medical assessment included clinical, laboratory and instrumental tests including cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and trans thoracic echocardiography (TTE).
Aim: To assess prevalence and type of cardiovascular abnormalities in PA candidate to compete in 2024 Paralympic Games.
Methods: We enrolled 167 PA, 80 female and 87 male PA. All of them underwent a comprehensive, multidisciplinary evaluation, including a full panel of blood tests, resting ECG, TTE and CPET.
Results: 74 PA (44%) showed one or more cardiovascular abnormalities. In details, 12 PA showed abnormal basal ECG findings, 7 abnormal TTE results, 1 uncontrolled hypertension, 30 exercise induced arrhythmias, 8 abnormal basal ECG findings in combination with exercise induced arrhythmias and 7 abnormal basal ECG finding and abnormal echocardiographic findings. Furthermore, 9 PA showed exercise test induced arrhythmias with abnormal echocardiographic findings.
Conclusions: PA, despite their attitude high levels of performance, are not exempt from cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities, including a small proportion of cardiac conditions at potential risk of sudden cardiac death. Comprehensive diagnostic tools, including CPET, echocardiography and full blood tests are important to identify hidden cardiovascular abnormalities potentially harmful to the athlete's health.
期刊介绍：
High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention promotes knowledge, update and discussion in the field of hypertension and cardiovascular disease prevention, by providing a regular programme of independent review articles covering key aspects of the management of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The journal includes: Invited ''State of the Art'' reviews. Expert commentaries on guidelines, major trials, technical advances.Presentation of new intervention trials design.''Pros and Cons'' or round tables on controversial issues.Statements on guidelines from hypertension and cardiovascular scientific societies.Socio-economic issues.Cost/benefit in prevention of cardiovascular diseases.Monitoring of healthcare systems.News and views from the Italian Society of Hypertension (including abstracts).All manuscripts are subject to peer review by international experts. Letters to the editor are welcomed and will be considered for publication.
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