Methylammonium intercalation reorienting aromatic amine cations in 2D multilayered perovskite toward efficient self-driven X-ray detection

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) multilayered perovskites are poised to revitalize the field of efficient X-ray detection due to their strong X-ray absorption ability and excellent carrier transport. However, 2D alternating cations intercalation (ACI) type multilayered perovskites, which hold promise as potential X-ray detection materials, still remain largely unexplored in X-ray detection capabilities. Herein, through methylammonium intercalation reorienting aromatic amine cations, an ACI multilayered perovskite (NMA)₃(MA)₃Pb₄I₁₄ (NMPI, NMA = N-methylbenzylaminium, MA = methylammonium) is successfully constructed for efficient self-driven X-ray detection. Specifically, the reconstructed NMPI has a smoother multilayered inorganic framework with an enhanced mobility-lifetime product compared with the prototype (NMA)₄Pb₃I₁₀. Notably, based on polar structure-induced radiation photovoltage (1.2 V), NMPI exhibits a high sensitivity of 113.78 μC Gy⁻¹ cm⁻² and a low detection limit of 162 nGy s⁻¹ under zero bias. This work first explores sensitive self-driven X-ray detection in ACI-type multilayered perovskite, shedding light on future exploration for high-performance X-ray detection.