Alperen Aydemir, Jan Sena Altinay, Ozkan Ozmen, Erkan Yilmaz, Sumeyye Ustuntag, Mehmet Dogan
{"title":"Development of eco-friendly flame retardant TPU composites with organic phosphinate and melamine phytate","authors":"Alperen Aydemir, Jan Sena Altinay, Ozkan Ozmen, Erkan Yilmaz, Sumeyye Ustuntag, Mehmet Dogan","doi":"10.1007/s00289-025-05967-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, eco-friendly flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites were developed using aluminum diethyl phosphinate (AlPi) and melamine phytate (MPht) with different ratios. The materials were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical burning tests, and mass loss calorimetry (MLC). The results revealed that MPht acted as an adjuvant filler with AlPi with enhanced flame-retardant properties. The highest LOI value of 30% and UL-94 V rating of V0 were obtained at AlPi to MPht ratio of 5:1. The presence of MPht also reduced the peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat evolved (THE), and effective heat of combustion (EHC), indicating its adjuvant effect with AlPi in the condensed and gas phases. Ultimately, integrating MPht into AlPi in bio-based TPU composites provided a sustainable and effective flame retardant solution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":737,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Bulletin","volume":"82 16","pages":"11123 - 11136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Polymer Bulletin","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00289-025-05967-1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"POLYMER SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In this study, eco-friendly flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites were developed using aluminum diethyl phosphinate (AlPi) and melamine phytate (MPht) with different ratios. The materials were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical burning tests, and mass loss calorimetry (MLC). The results revealed that MPht acted as an adjuvant filler with AlPi with enhanced flame-retardant properties. The highest LOI value of 30% and UL-94 V rating of V0 were obtained at AlPi to MPht ratio of 5:1. The presence of MPht also reduced the peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat evolved (THE), and effective heat of combustion (EHC), indicating its adjuvant effect with AlPi in the condensed and gas phases. Ultimately, integrating MPht into AlPi in bio-based TPU composites provided a sustainable and effective flame retardant solution.
期刊介绍:
"Polymer Bulletin" is a comprehensive academic journal on polymer science founded in 1988. It was founded under the initiative of the late Mr. Wang Baoren, a famous Chinese chemist and educator. This journal is co-sponsored by the Chinese Chemical Society, the Institute of Chemistry, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences and is supervised by the China Association for Science and Technology. It is a core journal and is publicly distributed at home and abroad.
"Polymer Bulletin" is a monthly magazine with multiple columns, including a project application guide, outlook, review, research papers, highlight reviews, polymer education and teaching, information sharing, interviews, polymer science popularization, etc. The journal is included in the CSCD Chinese Science Citation Database. It serves as the source journal for Chinese scientific and technological paper statistics and the source journal of Peking University's "Overview of Chinese Core Journals."