A smartphone-assisted platform integrated with a natural AIEE-active fisetin probe for visual detection of Mg²⁺ ions

IF 3.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical Pub Date : 2025-10-12 DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2025.138971

Xueling Dong , Yawen Wang , Chuang Du , Nana Ma , Shaopeng Gao , Ruinan Li , Jiaxin Bai , Xulin Liu , Run Ran , Yutao Xu , Dezhong Yang , Haikui Zou

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Abstract

Magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) play essential roles in physiological processes and water quality regulation, making their accurate detection crucial for environmental and water quality monitoring. However, rapid, portable, and user-friendly detection methods are still limited. Herein, we identified fisetin (Fis), a naturally occurring flavonol, as a colorimetric and fluorescent bio-resource derived aggregation-induced emission luminogen (BioAIEgen) probe for highly sensitive and selective Mg²⁺ detection. Fis exhibits excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)-induced aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties, with solvent-dependent photophysical behavior confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Notably, Fis enables rapid (< 1 min) and selective detection of Mg²⁺ in a DMSO/H₂O mixture (water fraction, f_H₂O = 0.5 %, v/v) by forming a stable 2:3 butterfly-shaped Fis–Mg^2 + complex, accompanied by a visible color change from colorless to light green (daylight) and a fluorescence shift from yellow to green (UV light). The detection limit (LOD) reaches 19.26 nM. Based on these properties, we developed a low-cost, portable, and user-friendly fluorescence sensing platform by integrating Fis-based test strips with smartphone-assisted red–green–blue (RGB) analysis. The test strips exhibited bright, concentration-dependent fluorescence responses to Mg²⁺, enabling both visual and quantitative detection with an LOD of 1.38 μM. This platform was successfully applied to river and glacial water, as well as commercial beverages, demonstrating its practical potential. The work presents a simple and effective strategy for Mg²⁺ monitoring in diverse aqueous environments.

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集成天然aiee活性非瑟酮探针的智能手机辅助平台用于Mg 2 +离子的视觉检测

镁离子（Mg²+）在生理过程和水质调节中起着至关重要的作用，因此对镁离子的准确检测对于环境和水质监测至关重要。然而，快速、便携和用户友好的检测方法仍然有限。在这里，我们鉴定了天然存在的黄酮醇非西汀（Fis）作为一种比色和荧光生物资源衍生的聚集诱导发光原（BioAIEgen）探针，用于高灵敏度和选择性的Mg 2 +检测。Fis表现出激发态分子内质子转移（ESIPT）诱导聚集诱导发射增强（AIEE）性质，并具有由密度泛函理论（DFT）计算证实的依赖溶剂的光物理行为。值得注意的是，Fis能够快速（< 1 min）和选择性地检测Mg2+在DMSO/H₂O混合物（水分数，fH₂O = 0.5%, v/v）中形成稳定的2:3蝴蝶形的fish - mg2 +配合物，并伴有从无色到浅绿色（日光）的可见颜色变化和从黄色到绿色（紫外光）的荧光变化。检测限（LOD）为19.26 nM。基于这些特性，我们开发了一种低成本、便携式、用户友好的荧光传感平台，将基于fish的测试条与智能手机辅助的红绿蓝（RGB）分析相结合。测试条对Mg 2 +表现出明亮的、浓度依赖性的荧光响应，可以实现视觉和定量检测，LOD为1.38 μM。该平台已成功应用于河流和冰川水，以及商业饮料，展示了其实用潜力。这项工作为在不同的水环境中监测Mg 2 +提供了一种简单有效的策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 工程技术-电化学

CiteScore

14.60

自引率

11.90%

发文量

1776

审稿时长

3.2 months

期刊介绍： Sensors & Actuators, B: Chemical is an international journal focused on the research and development of chemical transducers. It covers chemical sensors and biosensors, chemical actuators, and analytical microsystems. The journal is interdisciplinary, aiming to publish original works showcasing substantial advancements beyond the current state of the art in these fields, with practical applicability to solving meaningful analytical problems. Review articles are accepted by invitation from an Editor of the journal.