Uncovering key determinants of well-being among older Canadian retirees in New Brunswick: Protocol for a mixed-methods study.

Abstract

Aims: To uncover the key determinants of physical, mental, social, financial, and spiritual well-being among older Canadian retirees living in New Brunswick and explore how individual, community, organizational, and societal factors interact to shape healthier, more fulfilling aging.

Design: Explanatory sequential mixed-methods study guided by the Socio-Ecological Model.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey will be conducted with 600 retirees aged 65 and older using the WISE Scale, a multidimensional measure of well-being. Surveys will be offered online and in person with accessibility supports. Data will be analyzed in SPSS using descriptive statistics and multiple regression. A purposive subsample of 15-25 participants will be invited for semi-structured interviews to enrich understanding of survey findings. Interviews will be thematically analyzed in NVivo, following the four pillars of trustworthiness. Triangulation will integrate quantitative and qualitative findings.

Discussion: The study will generate detailed insights into how multiple layers of influence affect older adults' well-being in retirement, addressing critical gaps in research, policy, and practice. Findings will inform tailored community programs, effective strategies for healthcare providers, equitable policies, and age-friendly supports that promote holistic well-being for older retirees in New Brunswick, particularly among English-speaking populations. By identifying specific factors that enhance or hinder well-being, this research will support more responsive and inclusive strategies for healthy aging.