Impact of IL-17A rs2275913 allelic variation on periodontitis susceptibility: evidence from a meta-analysis.

Abstract

Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) plays a vital immunomodulatory role in periodontal disease. While the IL-17A rs2275913 polymorphism has been investigated for its potential influence on periodontitis risk, reported associations remain inconsistent. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the relationship between the IL-17A rs2275913 polymorphism and susceptibility to periodontitis. Case-control studies were systematically retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science (inception to July 2025). Strict criteria were enforced during data extraction and quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS). Meta-analysis was performed using STATA to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), assessing heterogeneity, performing subgroup analyses, evaluating sensitivity, and detecting publication bias. 11 studies (1409 periodontitis cases, 1367 controls) were included. A significant association between the rs2275913 polymorphism and periodontitis risk was identified under the following genetic models: Allele model (G vs A): OR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.77-0.98; Homozygous model (GG vs AA): OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.55-0.90; Dominant model (GG+GA vs AA): OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.62-0.98. Subgroup analyses indicated significant associations within Asian populations but not European populations, and in studies employing healthy controls but not those using type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients or other control groups. Publication bias was not statistically significant. Findings remained consistent upon sensitivity analysis, confirming robustness. The IL-17A rs2275913 polymorphism is significantly associated with periodontitis susceptibility. The G allele and GG genotype appear to confer a protective effect. This association is particularly evident in Asian populations and studies utilizing healthy controls.