{"title":"Self-healing β-cyclodextrin/hyaluronic acid hydrogel with enhanced strength and self-healing efficiency.","authors":"Ruina Chen, Yaxin Hu, Siying Zhang, Chunchun Shi, Zefeng Li, Zikui Bai, Yingshan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148177","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyaluronic acid (HA) self-healing hydrogels commonly suffer from an imbalance between mechanical properties and self-healing efficiency. To address this issue, we introduce carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) into the HA hydrogel system, which provides multiple crosslinking sites via β-CD's cyclic structure to improve its self-healing capability. The β-cyclodextrin/hyaluronic acid (ACD) hydrogels were prepared through dynamic acylhydrazone bond formation between aldehyde-modified HA (AHA) and hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (β-CDD). Compared to aldehyde-modified HA/3,3'-dithiobis (propionyl hydrazide) (AHA/DTP, AD) hydrogels (~0.17 MPa), ACD hydrogels exhibited enhanced compressive strength of ~0.29 MPa, which was attributed to multiple interactions, such as dynamic covalent acylhydrazone bonds, hydrogen bonds, and physical filling. Furthermore, ACD hydrogels achieved 100 % healing efficiency in Young's modulus within 10 min, significantly higher than AD hydrogel (80 %) due to synergistic effects of dynamic covalent bonds, including acylhydrazone and disulfide bonds and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel holds potential for various biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":333,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"148177"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148177","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) self-healing hydrogels commonly suffer from an imbalance between mechanical properties and self-healing efficiency. To address this issue, we introduce carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) into the HA hydrogel system, which provides multiple crosslinking sites via β-CD's cyclic structure to improve its self-healing capability. The β-cyclodextrin/hyaluronic acid (ACD) hydrogels were prepared through dynamic acylhydrazone bond formation between aldehyde-modified HA (AHA) and hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (β-CDD). Compared to aldehyde-modified HA/3,3'-dithiobis (propionyl hydrazide) (AHA/DTP, AD) hydrogels (~0.17 MPa), ACD hydrogels exhibited enhanced compressive strength of ~0.29 MPa, which was attributed to multiple interactions, such as dynamic covalent acylhydrazone bonds, hydrogen bonds, and physical filling. Furthermore, ACD hydrogels achieved 100 % healing efficiency in Young's modulus within 10 min, significantly higher than AD hydrogel (80 %) due to synergistic effects of dynamic covalent bonds, including acylhydrazone and disulfide bonds and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel holds potential for various biomedical applications.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Biological Macromolecules is a well-established international journal dedicated to research on the chemical and biological aspects of natural macromolecules. Focusing on proteins, macromolecular carbohydrates, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, lignins, biological poly-acids, and nucleic acids, the journal presents the latest findings in molecular structure, properties, biological activities, interactions, modifications, and functional properties. Papers must offer new and novel insights, encompassing related model systems, structural conformational studies, theoretical developments, and analytical techniques. Each paper is required to primarily focus on at least one named biological macromolecule, reflected in the title, abstract, and text.