Er3+–Yb3+-codoped LaF3 glass–ceramic optical fiber

IF 2 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

International Journal of Applied Glass Science Pub Date : 2025-10-08 Epub Date: 2025-06-10 DOI:10.1111/ijag.70001

M. Sedano, M. Kochanowicz, D. Dorosz, A. Durán, J. Fernández, R. Balda, M. J. Pascual

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Abstract

This paper reports the preparation and characterization of LaF₃-based glass–ceramic (GC) optical fibers codoped with Er³⁺ and Yb³⁺ ions, using the rod-in-tube method with Duran glass as cladding. Structural analysis, including x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, confirmed the presence of LaF₃ nanocrystals in the core, with sizes ranging from 8 to 10 nm, slightly smaller than those observed in bulk samples due to the higher cooling rate during fiber drawing. Optical measurements showed transmission losses of 13 dB/m for the GC fibers after heat treatment at 660°C for 40 h. Upconversion (UC) emissions were observed in the green (²H_11/2, ⁴S_3/2 → ⁴I_15/2), red (⁴F_9/2 → ⁴I_15/2), and blue (²H_9/2 → ⁴I_15/2) regions upon excitation at 980 nm. The dependence of UC emission on pump power showed a near linear dependence, which can be explained by saturation effects in the intermediate energy states and indicates that the UC process is driven by energy transfer from Yb³⁺ to Er³⁺ ions. These results demonstrate the potential of these fibers for advanced optical applications, including telecommunication, sensors and laser technologies.

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Er3+ -Yb3 +-共掺LaF3玻璃陶瓷光纤

本文报道了以Duran玻璃为包层，采用管中棒法制备Er3+和Yb3+离子共掺杂的laf3基玻璃陶瓷（GC）光纤，并对其性能进行了表征。结构分析，包括x射线衍射和透射电子显微镜，证实了核心中存在LaF3纳米晶体，尺寸在8到10 nm之间，由于纤维拉伸过程中的冷却速率较高，比在体样品中观察到的尺寸略小。光学测量表明，在660°C热处理40小时后，GC光纤的传输损耗为13 dB/m。在980 nm激发时，在绿色（2H11/2、4S3/2→4I15/2）、红色（4F9/2→4I15/2）和蓝色（2H9/2→4I15/2）区域观察到上转换（UC）发射。UC发射对泵浦功率的依赖表现为近线性关系，这可以用中间能态的饱和效应来解释，表明UC过程是由Yb3+离子向Er3+离子的能量转移驱动的。这些结果证明了这些光纤在先进光学应用方面的潜力，包括电信、传感器和激光技术。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Applied Glass Science MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS-

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

9.50%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Applied Glass Science (IJAGS) endeavors to be an indispensable source of information dealing with the application of glass science and engineering across the entire materials spectrum. Through the solicitation, editing, and publishing of cutting-edge peer-reviewed papers, IJAGS will be a highly respected and enduring chronicle of major advances in applied glass science throughout this century. It will be of critical value to the work of scientists, engineers, educators, students, and organizations involved in the research, manufacture and utilization of the material glass. Guided by an International Advisory Board, IJAGS will focus on topical issue themes that broadly encompass the advanced description, application, modeling, manufacture, and experimental investigation of glass.