Organically modified ZnO nanoparticles incorporated emulsion paints for antibacterial activity

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surfaces and Interfaces Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI:10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107803

Debarati Maity, Rahul Tade, Anagha Sabnis

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Abstract

The increasing issue of surface contamination highlights the urgent need for antibacterial nanocomposite coatings as durable and effective solutions for infection control in various fields. This study focuses on developing antibacterial nanocomposite emulsion paints by synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and incorporating them into water-based emulsion paints. ZnO NPs were synthesized via a precipitation method using zinc acetate dihydrate and oxalic acid dihydrate, followed by surface modification through a sol-gel reaction with vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES). The modified ZnO NPs (V-ZnO) were characterized using FTIR, XRD, DLS, SEM, and EDS techniques. These nanoparticles were then incorporated into a butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate (BA-MMA) copolymer at varying concentrations (0–3 wt. % of the total monomer) through conventional emulsion polymerization, and their mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties were assessed. A commercial emulsion was also analyzed for comparison. White emulsion paints were subsequently formulated using the emulsions containing V-ZnO nanoparticles as binders, alongside titanium dioxide (TiO₂) as a white pigment, talc and calcium carbonate as extenders, and various additives to enhance coating properties. The paints formulated were applied on masonry substrates and tested for mechanical, chemical, and antibacterial properties. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) bacteria using agar disk diffusion and broth dilution methods. The results indicated that emulsion paints containing 1 % V-ZnO nanoparticles exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These nanocomposite emulsion paints show significant potential for use in healthcare facilities, schools, and other public spaces where controlling the spread of infectious diseases is essential.

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有机改性ZnO纳米颗粒加入乳化漆具有抗菌活性

日益严重的表面污染问题凸显了抗菌纳米复合涂层作为持久有效的解决方案在各个领域的感染控制的迫切需要。本研究主要通过合成氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO NPs）并将其掺入水性乳化漆中，开发抗菌纳米复合乳化漆。以二水合乙酸锌和二水合草酸为原料，采用沉淀法合成ZnO NPs，并与乙烯基三乙基氧基硅烷（VTES）进行溶胶-凝胶反应进行表面改性。采用FTIR、XRD、DLS、SEM和EDS等技术对改性后的ZnO纳米粒子（V-ZnO）进行了表征。然后通过常规乳液聚合将这些纳米颗粒以不同浓度（占总单体的0-3 wt. %）掺入丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯（BA-MMA）共聚物中，并评估其机械、化学和热性能。并对一种商品乳化液进行了分析比较。随后，采用含有V-ZnO纳米颗粒的乳液作为粘合剂，二氧化钛（TiO2）作为白色颜料，滑石和碳酸钙作为填充剂，以及各种添加剂来增强涂料性能，从而配制出白色乳胶漆。所配制的涂料应用于砌体基材上，并测试了机械、化学和抗菌性能。采用琼脂盘扩散法和肉汤稀释法对大肠杆菌（革兰氏阴性）和金黄色葡萄球菌（革兰氏阳性）进行抑菌活性评价。结果表明，含1% V-ZnO纳米颗粒的乳胶漆对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌均具有最高的抗菌活性。这些纳米复合乳化液涂料在医疗设施、学校和其他控制传染病传播至关重要的公共场所显示出巨大的应用潜力。

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来源期刊

Surfaces and Interfaces Chemistry-General Chemistry

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

6.50%

发文量

753

审稿时长

35 days

期刊介绍： The aim of the journal is to provide a respectful outlet for ''sound science'' papers in all research areas on surfaces and interfaces. We define sound science papers as papers that describe new and well-executed research, but that do not necessarily provide brand new insights or are merely a description of research results. Surfaces and Interfaces publishes research papers in all fields of surface science which may not always find the right home on first submission to our Elsevier sister journals (Applied Surface, Surface and Coatings Technology, Thin Solid Films)