Effect of fine water mist system layout on electric vehicle fire suppression in underground garages

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI:10.1016/j.tust.2025.107140

Bin Chen , Lizhong Yang , Ruichao Wei

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of electric vehicle fires means that the fire evolution characteristics and the fire suppression effects of fine water mist on these fires in underground garages must be quantitatively analyzed. This study experimentally explores electric vehicle fire suppression in an underground garage under three conditions: no fine water mist suppression, a top fine water mist spray system, and a combined top and bottom fine water mist spray system. The top nozzle sprays the water mist vertically downward. In contrast, the bottom nozzle directs the water mist toward the vehicle’s underside. The results show that the combined spray system can act directly on the bottom of the vehicle, slowing down the temperature rise. Moreover, at 1.7 m in front of the vehicle, the temperature is reduced from 306 ℃ to 69 ℃, i.e., by 77.5 %. Compared with the absence of a fine water mist system, the time required for radiation to drop to the safe value is reduced by 14.05 % by the top fine water mist system. In contrast, the combined top and bottom fine water mist system reduced the time required for radiation to drop to the safe value by 84.10 %. Under top spray conditions, the fine water mist spray reduced the concentration of various gases during battery pack combustion. Under combined top and bottom spray conditions, fine water mist suppressed the production of CO₂, CO, and NO, while the amount of NO₂ increased. Adding the fine water mist can reduce the temperature and radiation in the underground garage. However, it would increase the concentration of certain toxic gases. This study provides data support for designing the layout of fine water mist systems in underground garages and fire protection strategies for electric vehicles.

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细水雾系统布置对地下车库电动汽车灭火的影响

随着电动汽车火灾的日益多发，必须定量分析地下车库的火灾演变特征和细水雾对电动汽车火灾的灭火效果。本研究对地下车库电动汽车灭火进行了实验研究，分别在无细水雾灭火、顶部细水雾喷洒系统、顶部和底部细水雾联合喷洒系统三种情况下进行了灭火试验。顶部喷嘴垂直向下喷射水雾。相比之下，底部的喷嘴将水雾引向车辆的底部。结果表明，该组合喷淋系统可以直接作用于车底，减缓了温度的上升。此外，在车辆前方1.7 m处，温度从306℃降低到69℃，即降低77.5%。与没有细水雾系统相比，顶部细水雾系统使辐射降至安全值所需的时间缩短了14.05%。相比之下，顶部和底部细水雾组合系统将辐射降至安全值所需的时间缩短了84.10%。在顶喷条件下，细水雾喷雾降低了电池组燃烧过程中各种气体的浓度。上下复合喷淋条件下，细水雾抑制了CO2、CO和NO的生成，NO2的数量增加。添加细水雾可以降低地下车库的温度和辐射。然而，它会增加某些有毒气体的浓度。本研究为地下车库细水雾系统布局设计和电动汽车防火策略提供数据支持。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 工程技术-工程：土木

CiteScore

11.90

自引率

18.80%

发文量

454

审稿时长

10.8 months

期刊介绍： Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology is an international journal which publishes authoritative articles encompassing the development of innovative uses of underground space and the results of high quality research into improved, more cost-effective techniques for the planning, geo-investigation, design, construction, operation and maintenance of underground and earth-sheltered structures. The journal provides an effective vehicle for the improved worldwide exchange of information on developments in underground technology - and the experience gained from its use - and is strongly committed to publishing papers on the interdisciplinary aspects of creating, planning, and regulating underground space.