Spatiotemporal variation of surface water-groundwater interactions and key influencing factors during freeze-thaw cycles in a seasonal frozen region, Northeast China

IF 5 2区地球科学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102841

Bo Meng , Xinqiang Du , Chunrui Wu , Yongjun Fang , Zihan Li

{"title":"Spatiotemporal variation of surface water-groundwater interactions and key influencing factors during freeze-thaw cycles in a seasonal frozen region, Northeast China","authors":"Bo Meng , Xinqiang Du , Chunrui Wu , Yongjun Fang , Zihan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102841","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Study area</h3><div>The lower reach catchment of the Songhua River—a representative seasonally frozen soil region of Northeast China.</div></div><div><h3>Study focus</h3><div>The seasonal freeze-thaw process significantly impacts the hydrogeological environment and hydrodynamics, impacting surface water (SW)-groundwater (GW) interactions. However, the spatiotemporal variations of SW-GW interactions during the freeze-thaw cycle and the specific effects of freezing and thawing on this relationship remain unclear. Based on the long-term SW and GW levels and multi-period isotope sampling at different stages of the freeze-thaw process, we analyzed the interactions between SW and GW in the lower reach of the Songhua River—a representative river in the seasonally frozen soil region of Northeast China.</div></div><div><h3>New hydrological insights for the region</h3><div>The results indicate that GW flow patterns fluctuate throughout the freeze-thaw cycle. In the upstream region, GW discharge predominantly occurs through evapotranspiration and groundwater extraction during the non-freezing and thawing period (NFTP). Conversely, SW discharge emerges as the primary pathway for GW discharge during the freezing period (FP) and the thawing period (TP). In the downstream region, groundwater pumping has significantly modified natural SW-GW interactions, resulting in consistent and intense SW recharge of GW throughout the year. Topography, hydrogeological conditions, and human activities are critical factors for the spatial variability of SW-GW interactions. The freeze-thaw process and hydrological conditions controlling the temporal variability of SW-GW interactions, as well as abrupt changes in the direction of SW-GW interactions, can occur due to the freeze-thaw processes of the river. The findings emphasize that future studies and predictions of SW-GW interactions should fully account for the impact of the freeze-thaw process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102841"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581825006706","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"WATER RESOURCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Study area

The lower reach catchment of the Songhua River—a representative seasonally frozen soil region of Northeast China.

Study focus

The seasonal freeze-thaw process significantly impacts the hydrogeological environment and hydrodynamics, impacting surface water (SW)-groundwater (GW) interactions. However, the spatiotemporal variations of SW-GW interactions during the freeze-thaw cycle and the specific effects of freezing and thawing on this relationship remain unclear. Based on the long-term SW and GW levels and multi-period isotope sampling at different stages of the freeze-thaw process, we analyzed the interactions between SW and GW in the lower reach of the Songhua River—a representative river in the seasonally frozen soil region of Northeast China.

New hydrological insights for the region

The results indicate that GW flow patterns fluctuate throughout the freeze-thaw cycle. In the upstream region, GW discharge predominantly occurs through evapotranspiration and groundwater extraction during the non-freezing and thawing period (NFTP). Conversely, SW discharge emerges as the primary pathway for GW discharge during the freezing period (FP) and the thawing period (TP). In the downstream region, groundwater pumping has significantly modified natural SW-GW interactions, resulting in consistent and intense SW recharge of GW throughout the year. Topography, hydrogeological conditions, and human activities are critical factors for the spatial variability of SW-GW interactions. The freeze-thaw process and hydrological conditions controlling the temporal variability of SW-GW interactions, as well as abrupt changes in the direction of SW-GW interactions, can occur due to the freeze-thaw processes of the river. The findings emphasize that future studies and predictions of SW-GW interactions should fully account for the impact of the freeze-thaw process.

查看原文本刊更多论文

东北季节性冻土区冻融循环中地表水-地下水相互作用的时空变化及关键影响因素

研究区松花江下游流域是东北地区典型的季节性冻土区。研究重点季节性冻融过程对水文地质环境和水动力学具有重要影响，影响地表水与地下水的相互作用。然而，在冻融循环过程中，SW-GW相互作用的时空变化以及冻融对这种关系的具体影响尚不清楚。基于冻融过程不同阶段的长期SW和GW水平和多周期同位素采样，分析了东北季节性冻土区代表性河流松花江下游SW和GW之间的相互作用。研究结果表明，在整个冻融循环过程中，GW流型是波动的。在上游地区，非冻融期（NFTP）的GW排放主要通过蒸散发和抽取地下水进行。相反，在冻结期（FP）和解冻期（TP）， SW排放成为GW排放的主要途径。在下游地区，地下水的抽吸显著改变了SW-GW的自然相互作用，导致GW全年持续而强烈的SW补给。地形、水文地质条件和人类活动是西南—西南—西南相互作用空间变异的关键因素。冻融过程和水文条件控制着西南—西南—西南相互作用的时间变异性，以及西南—西南—西南相互作用方向的突变都可能由于河流的冻融过程而发生。研究结果强调，未来对SW-GW相互作用的研究和预测应该充分考虑冻融过程的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

8.50%

发文量

284

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies publishes original research papers enhancing the science of hydrology and aiming at region-specific problems, past and future conditions, analysis, review and solutions. The journal particularly welcomes research papers that deliver new insights into region-specific hydrological processes and responses to changing conditions, as well as contributions that incorporate interdisciplinarity and translational science.