Development of a high-performance dual-curing Vitrimeric acrylate/epoxy system for 3D printing: Analysis of thermal effect and network evolution

IF 5.1 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI:10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106494

A. Escribá-Flores , Szymon Gaca , X. Fernández-Francos , Sandra Schlögl , A. Fabregat-Sanjuan

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Abstract

Vat photopolymerization (VPP) 3D printing has gained significant attention for its ability to fabricate complex geometries with high resolution and excellent surface finish using relatively low-cost equipment. However, developing materials that combine mechanical robustness, geometric fidelity, and recyclability remains challenging. Here, we present a dual-curing vitrimeric acrylate/epoxy system that transitions from a highly deformable up to 80 % of strain in the intermediate state (ultimate tensile strength of 0.7 MPa) to a mechanically robust final state (ultimate tensile strength of 66 MPa) after thermal treatment. The system also supports effective repair via bonding protocols, recovering substantial mechanical integrity, thanks to the transesterification bond exchange. In spite of some shortcomings related to the irreversible changes in network structure upon thermal cycling, these results demonstrate a promising versatile platform for sustainable, durable, and repairable VPP components.

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用于3D打印的高性能双固化玻璃丙烯酸酯/环氧树脂体系的开发：热效应和网络演变分析

还原光聚合（VPP） 3D打印因其能够使用相对低成本的设备制造具有高分辨率和优异表面光洁度的复杂几何形状而受到广泛关注。然而，开发结合机械稳健性、几何保真度和可回收性的材料仍然具有挑战性。在这里，我们提出了一种双固化玻璃丙烯酸酯/环氧树脂体系，该体系在热处理后从高度可变形的中间状态（极限抗拉强度为0.7 MPa）到机械坚固的最终状态（极限抗拉强度为66 MPa）。该系统还支持通过键合协议进行有效修复，由于酯交换键交换，恢复了大量的机械完整性。尽管存在一些与热循环时网络结构不可逆变化相关的缺点，但这些结果表明，VPP组件是一个有前途的多功能平台，可用于可持续、耐用和可修复的VPP组件。

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来源期刊

Reactive & Functional Polymers 工程技术-高分子科学

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

5.90%

发文量

259

审稿时长

27 days

期刊介绍： Reactive & Functional Polymers provides a forum to disseminate original ideas, concepts and developments in the science and technology of polymers with functional groups, which impart specific chemical reactivity or physical, chemical, structural, biological, and pharmacological functionality. The scope covers organic polymers, acting for instance as reagents, catalysts, templates, ion-exchangers, selective sorbents, chelating or antimicrobial agents, drug carriers, sensors, membranes, and hydrogels. This also includes reactive cross-linkable prepolymers and high-performance thermosetting polymers, natural or degradable polymers, conducting polymers, and porous polymers. Original research articles must contain thorough molecular and material characterization data on synthesis of the above polymers in combination with their applications. Applications include but are not limited to catalysis, water or effluent treatment, separations and recovery, electronics and information storage, energy conversion, encapsulation, or adhesion.