A systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis on association of circulating vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) levels in obstructive sleep apnea adults: A possible link between cardiovascular disease and obstructive sleep apnea

IF 1.8 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International Orthodontics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI:10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101079

Mohammad Moslem Imani , Arya Imani , Sattar Akbari , Masoud Sadeghi , Annette B. Brühl , Serge Brand

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and objectives

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), marked by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, poses significant risks due to its association with cardiovascular diseases. This study systematically analyzed the link between circulating vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) levels and OSA, highlighting its role as a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction and its potential connection to cardiovascular disease.

Material and methods

The databases searched for the meta-analysis included PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), up to March 22, 2025. Effect sizes were calculated using the standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and advanced statistical techniques such as subgroup, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses were employed to ensure the robustness of findings. Additional assessments included publication bias tests and trial sequential analysis to confirm adequate sample size and reliability.

Results

Of 406 identified records, 19 articles (28 studies) met inclusion criteria, revealing significantly higher VCAM-1 levels in OSA patients (SMD = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.45–2.35; P < 0.00001). Subgroup analyses consistently showed elevated VCAM-1 level, with variations across ethnicity and OSA severity, while sensitivity analysis confirmed robustness despite high heterogeneity (I² = 94%). Publication bias and trial sequential analysis highlighted reliability but emphasized cautious interpretation of results.

Conclusions

VCAM-1 shows potential as a biomarker for OSA, indicating systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction linked to cardiovascular risks. Its utility in early detection and treatment development is promising, but further research is needed to validate findings across populations and explore its connection to OSA-related comorbidities for innovative therapies.

查看原文本刊更多论文

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停成人循环血管细胞粘附分子-1 （VCAM-1）水平相关性的系统回顾、荟萃分析和试验序贯分析：心血管疾病与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停之间的可能联系。

背景和目的：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA），以睡眠期间反复出现的上气道阻塞为特征，因其与心血管疾病相关而具有重大风险。本研究系统分析了循环血管细胞粘附分子-1 （VCAM-1）水平与OSA之间的联系，强调了其作为内皮功能障碍的生物标志物的作用及其与心血管疾病的潜在联系。材料与方法：meta分析检索的数据库包括PubMed/Medline、Scopus、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、CNKI，检索截止日期为2025年3月22日。使用95%置信区间（ci）的标准平均差（SMD）计算效应量，并采用亚组、元回归和敏感性分析等先进统计技术来确保结果的稳健性。其他评估包括发表偏倚检验和试验顺序分析，以确认足够的样本量和可靠性。结果：在406篇文献中，有19篇（28项研究）符合纳入标准，显示OSA患者的VCAM-1水平显著升高（SMD=1.90, 95% CI: 1.45-2.35; P2=94%）。发表偏倚和试验序列分析强调可靠性，但强调对结果的谨慎解释。结论：VCAM-1有可能作为OSA的生物标志物，表明全身性炎症和内皮功能障碍与心血管风险相关。它在早期检测和治疗开发中的应用是有希望的，但需要进一步的研究来验证人群的发现，并探索其与osa相关合并症的联系，以进行创新治疗。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Orthodontics DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

13.30%

发文量

审稿时长

26 days

期刊介绍： Une revue de référence dans le domaine de orthodontie et des disciplines frontières Your reference in dentofacial orthopedics International Orthodontics adresse aux orthodontistes, aux dentistes, aux stomatologistes, aux chirurgiens maxillo-faciaux et aux plasticiens de la face, ainsi quà leurs assistant(e)s. International Orthodontics is addressed to orthodontists, dentists, stomatologists, maxillofacial surgeons and facial plastic surgeons, as well as their assistants.