Real-Time Monitoring of the Cytotoxic Effect of Oxygen-Sensitive Fluorescent Poly(styrene-maleic anhydride) Nanoparticles Using Electrical-Substrate Impedance Sensing

IF 4.7 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS

ACS Applied Bio Materials Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI:10.1021/acsabm.5c01443

Fernando Pesantez Torres, , , Elijah C. Feret, , , Yubing Xie, , and , Susan T. Sharfstein*,

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Abstract

Fluorescent poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (SMA) nanoparticle (NP) oxygen sensors show strong potential for visualizing in situ oxygen gradients in biomedical research. To expand their applications, it is essential to understand their cellular interactions. Electrical cell–substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) enables real-time monitoring of cell behavior by measuring the impedance of monolayer cultures with an alternating current. In this study, we used ECIS to assess the cytotoxicity of SMA NP oxygen sensors and further examined their effects through endothelial barrier function analysis and microscopy. The sensors showed no cytotoxicity at any dose, confirming their biocompatibility. However, the NPs incorporated into the extracellular matrix and may disrupt barrier function. These findings support further use of SMA NP oxygen sensors in biomedical research and highlight ECIS as a valuable tool for evaluating nanoparticle biocompatibility when traditional optical assays are limited by optical interference.

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利用电-衬底阻抗传感技术实时监测氧敏荧光聚苯乙烯-马来酸酐纳米颗粒的细胞毒性作用。

荧光聚苯乙烯-共马来酸酐（SMA）纳米粒子（NP）氧传感器在生物医学研究中显示出强大的原位氧梯度可视化潜力。为了扩大它们的应用，有必要了解它们的细胞相互作用。电细胞-衬底阻抗传感（ECIS）通过测量交流电单层培养物的阻抗，实现对细胞行为的实时监测。在这项研究中，我们使用ECIS评估了SMA NP氧传感器的细胞毒性，并通过内皮屏障功能分析和显微镜进一步检查了它们的作用。该传感器在任何剂量下均无细胞毒性，证实了其生物相容性。然而，NPs与细胞外基质结合，可能破坏屏障功能。这些发现支持了SMA NP氧传感器在生物医学研究中的进一步应用，并强调了当传统的光学检测受到光学干扰的限制时，ECIS是评估纳米颗粒生物相容性的有价值的工具。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

2.10%

发文量

464

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Bio Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of biomaterials and biointerfaces including and beyond the traditional biosensing, biomedical and therapeutic applications. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important bio applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses the relationship between structure and function and assesses the stability and degradation of materials under relevant environmental and biological conditions.