Apis mellifera multi-omics responses to ectoparasitic mites: unveiling biomarkers for Tropilaelaps mercedesae and Varroa destructor in honeybee hemolymph through hemolymph peptide and proteome analysis using MALDI-MS and LC-ESI-MS/MS

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI:10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104416

Patcharin Phokasem , Michel Bocquet , Sébastien N. Voisin , Chainarong Sinpoo , Camille Houdelet , Panuwan Chantawannakul , Terd Disayathanoowat , Philippe Bulet

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Abstract

Varroa destructor and Tropilaelaps mercedesae are ectoparasites that pose a significant threat to honeybee populations. It is essential to understand their impact to develop effective management strategies. In this study, we examined the relative abundance of proteins and the expression of immune-related genes in A. mellifera parasitized by the two mites using mass spectrometry analysis of hemolymph and transcriptomics of bleeding honeybees. The study revealed the modulation of genes and proteins associated with immune response and stress management. The apidaecin gene was upregulated in Varroa-infested honeybees and downregulated in Tropilaelaps-infested honeybees, a finding that correlated with MALDI-MS data. Furthermore, variations in the abundance of Hexamerin, Odorant Binding Protein 21, Phenoloxidase and Transferrin were observed in Varroa- and Tropilaelaps-infested honeybees. Using proteomics, potential markers associated with immunity, metabolism and stress responses (e.g. high Glx storage protein, alpha-glucosidase, glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductases) were found to be specific to Varroa and Tropilaelaps infestations. Two Deformed Wing Virus (DWV) proteins exhibit higher abundance in the hemolymph of Tropilaelaps-infested honeybees compared to non-infested and Varroa-infested honeybees, suggesting that Tropilaelaps may weaken honeybee immunity, potentially exacerbating viral infections and colony health decline. This indicates that studying host-mite species interactions could lead to a better understanding of honeybee protection.

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应用MALDI-MS和LC-ESI-MS/MS对蜜蜂血淋巴中Tropilaelaps mercedesae和Varroa destructor进行肽和蛋白质组学分析，揭示蜜蜂血淋巴中Tropilaelaps和Varroa destructor的生物标志物。

破坏瓦螨和粘虫是对蜜蜂种群构成严重威胁的寄生昆虫。了解它们对制定有效管理战略的影响是至关重要的。在本研究中，我们利用血淋巴质谱分析和出血蜜蜂转录组学检测了被这两种螨虫寄生的蜜蜂中蛋白质的相对丰度和免疫相关基因的表达。该研究揭示了与免疫反应和压力管理相关的基因和蛋白质的调节。蜂素基因在被瓦螨侵染的蜜蜂中表达上调，在被tropilaelaps侵染的蜜蜂中表达下调，这一发现与MALDI-MS数据相关。此外，在被瓦螨和tropilaelapers侵染的蜜蜂中，观察到六聚氰胺、气味结合蛋白21、酚氧化酶和转铁蛋白丰度的变化。利用蛋白质组学，发现了与免疫、代谢和应激反应相关的潜在标记（如高Glx储存蛋白、α -葡萄糖苷酶、乙醛酸盐/羟丙酮酸还原酶）对Varroa和Tropilaelaps侵袭具有特异性。与未感染和瓦罗亚感染的蜜蜂相比，被Tropilaelaps感染的蜜蜂的血淋巴中有两种变形翼病毒（DWV）蛋白的丰度更高，这表明Tropilaelaps可能会削弱蜜蜂的免疫力，潜在地加剧病毒感染和群体健康下降。这表明，研究宿主与螨虫物种的相互作用可以更好地理解蜜蜂的保护。

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来源期刊

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 生物-昆虫学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

5.30%

发文量

105

审稿时长

40 days

期刊介绍： This international journal publishes original contributions and mini-reviews in the fields of insect biochemistry and insect molecular biology. Main areas of interest are neurochemistry, hormone and pheromone biochemistry, enzymes and metabolism, hormone action and gene regulation, gene characterization and structure, pharmacology, immunology and cell and tissue culture. Papers on the biochemistry and molecular biology of other groups of arthropods are published if of general interest to the readership. Technique papers will be considered for publication if they significantly advance the field of insect biochemistry and molecular biology in the opinion of the Editors and Editorial Board.