Influence of Salinization and Freshening on the Retention of Phosphorus in Non-Amended and Al-WTR Amended Bioretention Media

IF 3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI:10.1007/s11270-025-08590-y

B. Donado, J. Goor, N. Mocan, A. Pinto, C. E. Robinson

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bioretention systems can remove pollutants including phosphorus (P) from urban stormwater but in cold climates P retention is complicated by factors including seasonal inputs of de-icing road salts (typically sodium chloride [NaCl]). The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of stormwater with variably high NaCl concentrations on soluble reactive P (SRP) retention in bioretention media considering the effects of salinization and freshening. Column experiments were conducted using three field bioretention media with and without an aluminum water treatment residual (Al-WTR) amendment added. Columns were exposed to synthetic stormwater influent with NaCl concentrations switching between 10 and 1000 mg/L. Overall, there was net SRP release from the columns with no amendment added, whereas Al-WTR amended columns showed net SRP retention. For non-amended columns, effluent SRP concentrations were significantly higher during the freshening periods compared to the salinization (high salt) and regular (low salt) periods with the timing of maximum SRP concentrations delayed relative to the onset of freshening. The high SRP release during freshening periods co-insided with significantly higher effluent and porewater pH (pH > 9). Iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), Al, pH and oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) data provide insight into possible contributing processes but overall the data highlight the complexity of processes controlling SRP retention and release when media is exposed to variable salt concentrations. Finally, the impact of freshening on SRP retention was limited for Al-WTR amended columns. This study provides important new evidence of the impact of seasonally high NaCl stormwater concentrations on SRP retention in bioretention systems.

Graphical Abstract

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盐碱化和保鲜对未改性和Al-WTR改性生物滞留介质中磷滞留的影响

生物滞留系统可以从城市雨水中去除包括磷(P)在内的污染物，但在寒冷气候下，磷的滞留因季节性道路除冰盐（通常是氯化钠[NaCl]）的投入等因素而变得复杂。本研究的目的是评价不同NaCl浓度的雨水对生物滞留介质中可溶性活性磷（SRP）保留的影响，同时考虑盐化和保鲜的影响。采用添加和不添加铝水处理残留物（Al-WTR）改进剂的三种现场生物保留介质进行柱状实验。柱暴露于NaCl浓度在10 - 1000 mg/L之间切换的合成雨水中。总体而言，未添加添加剂的色谱柱有净SRP释放，而Al-WTR添加的色谱柱有净SRP保留。对于未修改的色谱柱，与盐化（高盐）和常规（低盐）时期相比，净化期间流出的SRP浓度明显更高，最大SRP浓度的时间相对于净化开始的时间延迟。在净化期间，高SRP的释放伴随着更高的出水和孔隙水pH值（pH > 9）。铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、铝、pH值和氧化还原电位（ORP）数据提供了对可能的贡献过程的见解，但总体而言，这些数据突出了当介质暴露于不同盐浓度时控制SRP保留和释放过程的复杂性。最后，对于Al-WTR改性柱，清新对SRP保留的影响是有限的。该研究为季节性高盐雨水浓度对生物滞留系统中SRP滞留的影响提供了重要的新证据。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.