Universal mass equation for equal-quantum excited-states sets II

Abstract

We extend our recent study of the Universal Mass Equation for equal-quantum excited-states sets reported by Roper and Strakovsky (Eur Phys J A 61:102, 2025). The masses of twelve baryon sets and sixteen meson sets, with only two equal-quantum excited states in each set, using Breit-Wigner PDG2024 masses and their uncertainties at fixed \(J^P\) for baryons and \(J^{PC}\) for mesons, are fitted by a simple one-parameter logarithmic function, \(M_n = \alpha ~Ln(n) + M_1\), where n is the level of radial excitation. Two accurate masses that start a set are used to calculate four higher masses in the set accurately. It is noted that \(\alpha \) values for \(b\bar{b}\) equal-quantum excited-states sets accurately lie on a straight line, whose line parameters can be used to calculate \(\alpha \) and predict higher mass states for \(b\bar{b}\) sets that have only one known member.