Aristotle on the unity of general justice and virtue

IF 1.6 1区哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY

PHILOSOPHY AND PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI:10.1111/phpr.70061

Claudia Yau

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Abstract

Aristotle opens his much‐anticipated treatment of general justice with a focused discussion of whether general justice is the same as virtue. Competing answers to this question have been offered on Aristotle's behalf, and different parts of EN V.1–2 appear to support alternative views. This paper offers an account of the relationship between general justice and virtue—and an explanation of Aristotle's puzzling claim that justice and virtue are “the same but different in being”—by appealing to his distinction between general justice as a state (ἕξις) and general justice as an exercise (χρῆσις). General justice and virtue are the same state. However, justice as an exercise and virtue as an exercise stand in a part–whole relationship. This account resolves Broadie and Rowe's charge that Aristotle has no coherent conception of the relationship between particular justice and character virtue. It also has implications for understanding whether justice is always another's good, whether a just ruler is necessarily virtuous, and the cultivation of justice and virtue.

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亚里士多德关于普遍正义与美德的统一

亚里士多德开启了他备受期待的关于一般正义的论述，重点讨论了一般正义是否等同于美德。对这个问题的不同回答已经代表亚里士多德提出，而EN V.1-2的不同部分似乎支持不同的观点。本文阐述了一般正义和美德之间的关系，并解释了亚里士多德关于正义和美德“相同但不同”的令人困惑的主张——通过对作为国家的一般正义（ξις）和作为实践的一般正义（χρ ι σις）的区分。一般的正义和美德是同一种状态。然而，作为一种实践的正义和作为一种实践的美德是一种部分-整体的关系。这种解释解决了布罗迪和罗的指控，即亚里士多德对特定正义与品格美德之间的关系没有连贯的概念。它也暗示着理解正义是否总是他人的善，正义的统治者是否一定是有道德的，以及正义和美德的培养。

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来源期刊

PHILOSOPHY AND PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH PHILOSOPHY-

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

6.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Philosophy and Phenomenological Research publishes articles in a wide range of areas including philosophy of mind, epistemology, ethics, metaphysics, and philosophical history of philosophy. No specific methodology or philosophical orientation is required for submissions.