Induced mutagenesis in breeding of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).

Abstract

The article presents the results of studies on the creation of new source material based on induced mutagenesis using the pulsed linear electron accelerator ILU-10. Test indicators of the most effective mutagenic effect of radiation treatment in the context of varieties were determined, and highly productive mutant lines were identified that were resistant to abiotic stress factors and retained these indicators in subsequent generations. The most valuable mutants were isolated among the forms obtained under the influence of absorbed doses from 100 to 150 Gy. The excess of productivity over the standard variety Syr Aruy for two years was 6.1 - 11.6 c / ha. Important distinguishing features were their tallness in combination with dense strong straw and resistance to lodging. In general, the reliable increase in yield was determined mainly by the grain weight per ear, due to better grain content per ear and 1000-grain weight. Studies have shown that the use of physical mutagenesis significantly reduces the time for breeding new varieties by direct propagation of mutant lines with a complex of positive traits.