Recent Developments in Borrowing Hydrogen Methodology in N-alkylation of Amines

Abstract

In modern organic synthesis, the catalytic borrowing hydrogen methodology has emerged as a transformative strategy for the N-alkylation of amines with water as the only byproduct. Here, we have highlighted the recent developments over the period (approximately) from 2014 to 2024. We have discussed all the emerging catalytic systems, such as the use of non-metallic, homogeneous, heterogeneous, and electrocatalysts using noble and non-noble metals, with an emphasis on advancements that expand reaction scope, improve selectivity, and enhance selectivity. Ultimately, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of catalytic N-alkylation processes, focusing on sustainable, efficient methodologies for a greener approach.